Water is the most production limiting factor for dryland cropping systems in semiarid Great Plains environments. Evaporation is responsible for the greatest amount of water loss and management practices such as notill have been adopted to reduce evaporative losses. Less is known about the magnitude of water loss due to runoff. An objective of this study is to estimate an expected range in rainf...

The effect of soil surface roughness on runoff and sediment production is an area not yet fully quantified. Current erosion prediction models, such as the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation, predicts a reduced erosion from an increased soil roughness, without considering the functionality associated with different roughness forms. In this research, we used a mechanistic approach in which soil...

In previous studies, artificial neural networks have been used to develop a model that combines simulated river flows from several individual rainfall-runoff models e.g. Shamseldin et al., 1997; Abrahart & See, 2002; Shamseldin, O'Connor, & Nasr, 2007. The combined runoff estimate model was found to perform better than the individual models in most of the cases. However, no attempts have been m...

[1] Estimation of parameter and predictive uncertainty of hydrologic models has traditionally relied on several simplifying assumptions. Residual errors are often assumed to be independent and to be adequately described by a Gaussian probability distribution with a mean of zero and a constant variance. Here we investigate to what extent estimates of parameter and predictive uncertainty are affe...

In the Atlantic Coastal Plain region of southern Georgia (USA), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) acreage increased threefold in the past decade. To more effectively protect water quality in the region, best management practices are needed that reduce pesticide runoff from fields in cotton production. This study compared runoff of two herbicides, fluometuron [N,N-dimethyl-N'-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-p...

A monthly rainfall-runoff model was calibrated for a large tropical catchment in southern India. Various land-use and climatic change scenarios were tested to assess their effects on mean annual runoff and assured water yield at the Bhavanisagar Reservoir in Tamil Nadu, India. The largest increase in runoff (19%) came from converting forest and savanna (the indigenous control scenario) to agric...

soil erosion is an abstruse phenomenon which contains segregation and transmission of soil particles and runoff from rainfall and infiltration. runoff and sediment generation was compared using rainfall simulator in grassland (st. parviflora-br. tomentellus) and shrubland (as. parrowianus-as. gossipinus). for this purpose, vegetation map was supplied for two vegetation types four main aspects a...

Use of small plots and rainfall simulators to extrapolate trends in runoff water quality requires careful consideration of hydrologic process represented under such conditions. A modified version of the National Phosphorus Runoff Project (NPRP) protocol was used to assess the hydrology of paired 1 x 2 m plots established on two soils with contrasting hydrologic properties (somewhat poorly drain...