Introduction: In contrast to methods for monitoring physical vital signs, such as pulse, respiration rate, and body temperature, the ability monitor molecules indicative of health or performance status has greatly lagged. Specifically, until recently, technologies able specific in real-time were limited detection only a few metabolites (glucose, lactate, oxygen) no hormones protein biomarkers. ...

We calculate the tree-level bispectrum of the inflaton field perturbation directly from the field equations, and construct the corresponding fNL parameter. Our results agree with previous ones derived from the Lagrangian. We argue that quantum theory should only be used to calculate the correlators when they first become classical a few Hubble times after horizon exit, the classical evolution t...

Active contours, or snakes, have extensive applications in image segmentation. Conventional snakes have several drawbacks, such as the initialization contour sensitivity and border leakage phenomenon. Many new methods have been proposed to address these problems. In this paper, we present an improved image segmentation method based on snakes. Firstly, we adopt the multi-step direction method to...

Interpretations of Einstein’s equation differ primarily concerning whether E = mc entails that mass and energy are the same property of physical systems, and hence whether there is any sense in which mass is ever “converted” into energy (or vice versa). In this paper, I examine six interpretations of Einstein’s equation and argue that all but one fail to satisfy a minimal set of conditions that...

An obvious necessary condition for the existence of solutions to (1.1) is that the function K has to be positive somewhere. Moreover, there are the Kazdan-Warner obstructions [7, 16], which imply in particular, that a monotone function of the coordinate function X1 cannot be realized as the scalar curvature of a metric conformal to g0. Numerous studies have been made on equation (1.1) and its h...

le mouvement transversal de la locomotive ou des wagons , appele ie lacet, provient de deux causes principales: -la conicite des bandages -les irregularites de la voie dans ie plan horizontal. on se propose ici d'etudier la premiere cause , ce qui nous conduit a une equation differentielle non lineaire du deuxieme ordre. • l'equation en question est etudiee dans plusieurs cas difftten...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to research the lesion outline and temperature field in different ways in atrial radiofrequency ablation by using finite element method. METHODS This study used the method which considered the thermal dosage to determine the boundary between viable and dead tissue, and compared to the 50 °C isotherm results in analyzing lesion outline. Besides, we used Hype...

We polarize nuclear spins in a GaAs double quantum dot by controlling two-electron spin states near the anticrossing of the singlet (S) and m(S)= +1 triplet (T+) using pulsed gates. An initialized S state is cyclically brought into resonance with the T+ state, where hyperfine fields drive rapid rotations between S and T+, "flipping" an electron spin and "flopping" a nuclear spin. The resulting ...