Maddy gave a semi-formal account of restrictiveness by defining a formal notion based on a class of interpretations and explaining how to handle false positives and false negatives. Recently, Hamkins pointed out some structural issues with Maddy’s definition. We look at Maddy’s formal definitions from the point of view of an abstract interpretation relation. We consider various candidates for t...

In allegories polysemy relates not only to the context and the audience’s understanding but also to the structural characters of these texts. This paper investigates the function of structural and narrative properties in the creation of multiple interpretations of an allegory. Focusing on the events and following a unique story-line is the most important trait in helping to read the alleg...

The variety of interpretations exhibited by sentences with reciprocals is a longstanding challenge for semantic and pragmatic theories. This puzzle is related to some hard questions about the interpretation of plural predicates in general. In this paper we study the implications of relations between reciprocity and plurality for the account of reciprocals in Dalrymple et al. (1994). It will be ...

The C-S-H gel is an elusive material. Its variable composition and disordered nature complicate a complete characterization of its atomic structure, the elaboration models key to understanding it. This work aims review those proposed models, dividing them into empirical computational models. After brief description related crystalline calcium silicate hydrates, based on interpretation experimen...

In [1] Chapter IV Lukasiewicz presents a system of syllogistic which is an extension of Aristotle’s ordinary syllogistic. In spite of this difference Lukasiewicz speaks about it, as do we, as the Aristotelian system. One of the well-known interpretation of syllogistic is Leibnitz’s interpretation described in [1] (pp. 126–129). Syllogistic formulas are interpreted there in an arithmetical manne...

defamiliarization, the artistic technique of presenting to audiences common things in an unfamiliar or strange way in order to enhance perception of the familiar, is the main function of artistic literature. paradox is one of its techniques. paradox is used either syntactically or semantically. ibn al-farid was a mystic sufi poet gifted by mystical perceptions in addition to his poetic talents....

understanding allegories, helps us to give a clear and accepted interpretation of complex and complicated thoughts, and this is said to be a cultural need. the purpose of this research is to find and recognize the allegories used by meibodi in his mystic interpretation of kashf-ol-asraar. the results of the study show that different kinds of allegories are used in this interpretation; and this ...

survey on quranic lexicons dates back to the early years and decades of early islam. abdollah ibn 'abbas can be considered the most famous and outstanding quranic interpreter of all the prophet's companions with the exception of imam ali. some like ignaz goldziher - bringing up a number of illusions and without considering the so many firm and obvious proofs and evidences confirming t...

Kobayashi, S. and M. Tatsuta, Realizability interpretation of generalized inductive definitions, Theoretical Computer Science 131 (1994) 121-138. Generalized inductive definitions give a way of defining a predicate as the least solution P of the equation P-A [P] where a predicate variable P may occur in a formula A[P] positively. This paper gives a q-realizability interpretation of generalized ...