Glycoscience—the study of the complex carbohydrates on the surface of proteins and lipids—has long been the neglected stepchild of molecular biology. Although genomics, proteomics and now systems biology have become hot topics of biomedical research, attracting both researchers and funding, glycoscience has played a rather minor role. Once of little interest to understanding biology on a larger...

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-021-01261-9.

modernization has occurred in philosophical discourses of new sadrāi in form, method and content. changes and modernization also have occurred in the philosophy of mullā hadi sabzevari in relation with these issues. accordingly, we introduce him as initiator of the philosophical movement of new sadrāi. although his thought is in the line of sadrāi philosophy, there are some disagreements betwee...

one of the important philosophical issues and debates dating back over two thousand years, and the beginning of wisdom in ancient greece has been proposed, is the problem of essence. some believe that the discussion on the issue of substance is aristotelian thought, and believe that the roots of this attribution in aristotle approach to the existence and its relation with the essence and nature...