A fundamental aspect of any concurrent system is how processes communicate with each other. Ultimately, all communication involves concurrent reads and writes of shared memory cells, or registers. The stronger the guarantees provided by a register, the more useful it is to the user, but the harder it may be to implement in practice. Thus it is of interest to determine which types of registers c...

Instruction cache performance is widely recognized as a critical component of the overall performance of a program; especially so in the case of large applications like database servers. In this report, we present a technique for (1) identifying repeated blocks of instructions in a program executable, and (2) converting these repeated code blocks into lightweight procedures (i.e. LWprocs). The ...

Efficient memory resource management requires knowledge of the memory demands of applications or systems at runtime. A widely proposed approach is to construct an LRU-based miss ratio curve (MRC), which provides not only the current working set size (WSS) but also the relationship between performance and target memory allocation size. Unfortunately, the cost of LRUMRC monitoring is nontrivial. ...

In this study, one group of respondents is offered to purchase a safety device to be installed in their cars, while another group is offered a public safety, program (improved road quality) which results in the same size risk reduction. In terms of the value of a statistical life, our results are very, reasonable. However, the WTP for the private safety device is higher than the WTP for the pub...

One key role of elections is to allow voters to remove politicians who perform poorly in office. We analyze the extent to which incumbents who are involved in relatively serious political scandals lose elections. More importantly, we assess the relative importance of primary and general elections in removing such incumbents. How often do incumbents involved in relatively serious scandals lose i...

This paper examines the dynamic fault behavior of asynchronous sequential machines, specifically identifying the faults which cause critical races and hazards, and presents a state assignment technique leading to a machine that enters one of a small set of error states whenever a fault occurs. Entry into an error state can be checked by very simple check circuits; a self-testing check circuit a...

This paper reports a design technique to make Complex CMOS Gates fail-safe for a class of faults. Two classes of faults are denned. The failsafe design presented has limited fault-tolerance capability. Multiple faults are also covered.

WHAT role do a person’s opportunities to choose play in the justification of social arrangements? We need to answer this question in order to arrive at a theory of substantive responsibility, which tells us the way in which a person’s claims on others, others’ claims on her, and the quality of her situation should depend on the opportunities she has and the choices she makes. To get a handle on...

Multiword expressions (MWEs) are quite frequent in languages such as English, but their diversity, the scarcity of individual MWE types, and contextual ambiguity have presented obstacles to corpus-based studies and NLP systems addressing them as a class. Here we advocate for a comprehensive annotation approach: proceeding sentence by sentence, our annotators manually group tokens into MWEs acco...