Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) safety during pregnancy has important public health implications. This review summarizes TDF safety during pregnancy, focusing on pregnancy outcomes, congenital anomaly risk, and other potential toxicities on neonates. Although information is limited, TDF appears to be safe during pregnancy. In 6 studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (and/or hepatiti...

Abstract Aim The National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) reviews incident reports from all NHS trusts, and deemed critical are issued as NPSA alerts. We aim to highlight important learning points alerts facilitate wider dissemination prevent similar incidents, overall improve patient safety. Method All safety obtained since inception (2008) till June 2020 were screened. identified that could be r...

The need for anesthesia and surgery during pregnancy occurs in 1.5% to 2.0% of all pregnancies. Each year, over 75,000 pregnant women in the United States undergo nonobstetric surgery. The operations include those directly related to pregnancy (e.g., cerclage), those indirectly related to pregnancy (e.g., ovarian cystectomy), and those unrelated to gestation (e.g., appendectomy, cholecystectomy...