A small salt gradient solar pond with an average surface area of 1.8 m2 and depth of 0.8m has been tested. The depths of storage, gradient and surface zones are 0.3, 0.27 and 0.07m, respectively. The temperature of the storage zone for the summer days reaches its maximum of 65˚ C after about 8 days. Daily variation of the storage zone temperature was about 8˚C which is due to small volume of th...

[1] The South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ) is the largest and most persistent spur of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. At the southeastern edge of the SPCZ near 170 W and 15 –20 S a surface ocean salinity frontal zone exists that separates fresher Western Pacific Warm Pool water from saltier and cooler waters in the east. This salinity front is known to shift east and west with the phase ...

Humic substances (HS) are the most abundant natural organic compounds in aquatic and terrestrial environments. However, the bacterial degradation of HS in the estuarine salinity gradient and in coastal regions as a sink for HS, entering the open sea, is not well understood. Therefore, we studied the bacterial degradation of humic-rich dissolved organic carbon (DOC) at increasing salinities betw...

BENFER, N.P., KING, B.A. and LEMCKERT, C.J., 2007. Salinity observations in a subtropical estuarine system on the Gold Coast, Australia. Journal of Coastal Research, SI 50 (Proceedings of the 9th International Coastal Symposium), 646 – 651. Gold Coast, Australia, ISSN 0749.0208 Saltwater Creek and Coombabah Creek are branches of the Coomera River estuary situated within the subtropical Gold Coa...

Salinity gradient energy generated by the contact between seawater and river water is one of promising renewable energies. In reverse electrodialysis (RED), salinity directly translated into electricity. The representative problem a large electrical resistance or dilute solutions. solutions are poor electrically conductive. This results in huge loss when an current passes through it.