Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opin...

Pharmacogenomics aims at co-development of a drug that targets a subgroup of patients for safety and efficacy and a device that identifies the responder group through their genetic variations. Development of such a prognostic device includes a training stage and a validation stage. The transition from the training stage to the validation stage typically involves change of platforms as a subset ...

We consider a two- and a three-stage hierarchical design containing the effects of k clusters with n units per cluster. In the two-stage model, the conditional distribution of the discrete response Y(i) is assumed to be independent binomial with mean n(straight theta)i (I=1,....k). The success probabilities, straight theta(i)'s, are assumed exchangeable across the k clusters, each arising from ...

Case-control studies are among the most commonly used means of assessing association between exposure and outcome. Sample size determination and the optimal control-to-case ratio are vital to the design of such studies. In this article we investigate Bayesian sample size determination and the control-to-case ratio for case-control studies, when interval estimation is the goal of the eventual st...

Estimation of statistical power and sample size is a key aspect of experimental design. However, in metabolic phenotyping, there is currently no accepted approach for these tasks, in large part due to the unknown nature of the expected effect. In such hypothesis free science, neither the number or class of important analytes nor the effect size are known a priori. We introduce a new approach, b...

MOTIVATION There is not a widely applicable method to determine the sample size for experiments basing statistical significance on the false discovery rate (FDR). RESULTS We propose and develop the anticipated FDR (aFDR) as a conceptual tool for determining sample size. We derive mathematical expressions for the aFDR and anticipated average statistical power. These expressions are used to dev...

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), believed to determine human differences, are widely used to predict risk of diseases. Typically, clinical samples are limited and/or the sampling cost is high. Thus, it is essential to determine an adequate sample size needed to build a classifier based on SNPs. Such a classifier would facilitate correct classifications, while keeping the sample size to a...

This presentation describes the steps involved in performing sample size analyses for a variety of linear models, both univariate and multivariate. As an analyst you must gather and synthesize the information needed, but you should be able to rely on the analytical tools to accommodate the numerous ways in which you can characterize and solve problems. Examples illustrate these principles and r...

The problem of sample size determination based on three commonly used non-parametric rank based tests, namely, one-sample Wilcoxon's rank sum test, two-sample's Wilcoxon's rank sum test, and the rank-based test for independence is studied. Explicit formulas for variabilities of the test statistics under the alternative hypotheses are derived. Consequently, close forms of power functions of thes...

groups. From a review of the literature and from their own clinical experience, the investigators anticipate approximately 50% of the women with a regular training program will suffer an ACL tear. They hypothesize that a reduction by one-half, resulting in only a 25% incidence in ACL injuries in the hamstrings training group, would be a clinically significant finding. The investigators set their