BACKGROUND Oxygen supplementation through Hudson type face mask is frequently used in perioperative settings. Hudson mask is a variable rate performance device with the risk of rebreathing. Studies using capnography to find out an actual fraction of rebreathing in spontaneously breathing patients are not available. AIMS In this study, we analyzed the effects of different flow rates through Hu...

Nanoparticles of iron precipitates produced by a microbial consortium are suitable adsorbent for metal removal from electroplating industry wastewaters. Biogenic were utilized as adsorbents chromate and zinc in batch conditions. Furthermore, the embedded alginate beads fixed-bed columns, their performance was evaluated continuous system varying different operational parameters such flow rate, b...

A genetic algorithms is applied to find a maximum flow from the source to sink in a weighted directed graph, where the weight associated with each edge represents its flow capacity in one direction. The maximum flow problem appears to be more challenging in applying genetic algorithms than many other common graph problems because of its several unique characteristics. For example, a flow at eac...

changes of hydrodynamic parameters in microchannel branches affect the suspended biological samples in blood. to prevent denaturation and hemolysis, we have numerically investigated the effect of divergence angle on shear rate and velocity at branch entrance (discharge rate), under electroosmotic flow. in such flow, hydrodynamic properties are also affected by zeta potential at the microchannel...

Fluid transport through reservoir recks is complex and cannot be described by theory alone. Darcy’s law, an empirical equaiion describing the Iami”ar flow of incompressible fluids, is largely used for calculation of fluid flow through porous media. It relates the macroscopic veloci~ (flux) of a fluid of known viscosity to the pressure gradient by a pmpotiionalky factor called absolute permeabil...

The objective was to investigate the effects of CT-guided lumbar sympathicolysis on somatic regional oxygen saturation, arterial flow velocity, and skin temperature of the lower limbs in patients with advanced peripheral artery disease (PAD). CT-guided lumbar sympathicolysis was additionally performed after successful revascularization therapy in 61 patients with PAD in categories 5 and 6 accor...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to examine the effects on respiratory function and oxygen saturation of intermittent life in the uplands at an altitude above sea level of approximately 850 m. [Subjects and Methods] The study subjects were on 100 female student subjects attending a university located in the uplands. The subjects' oxygen saturation, heart rates and respiratory functions we...

The present study was undertaken in an attempt to contribute to the solution of the problem of the effect of rapid heart rate on the oxygen satu'ration of the arterial blood. In 1921 Barcroft, Bock and Roughton (1) reported that they had found normal saturation of the arterial blood in a patient during an attack of paroxysmal-tachycardia. Carter and Stewart (2) later reported a case in which th...

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of the increased field strength of 1.5T vs. 3.0T on blood vessel contrast and saturation in 3D time of flight MR angiography. Vessel contrast and saturation effect were evaluated for various flow velocities and flip angles using a steady-state flow phantom. The results showed increased vessel contrast and decreased saturation of blood on 3.0T...

Existing continuum models of multiphase flow in porous media are unable to explain why preferential flow (fingering) occurs during infiltration into homogeneous, dry soil. Following a phase-field methodology, we propose a continuum model that accounts for an apparent surface tension at the wetting front and does not introduce new independent parameters. The model reproduces the observed feature...