Academia serves as a valuable case for studying the effects of social forces on workplace productivity, using concrete measure output: scholarly papers. Many academics, especially women, have experienced unprecedented challenges to productivity during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The authors analyze gender composition more than 450,000 authorships in arXiv and bioRxiv preprint ...

Several developing countries seek to build knowledge-based economies by attempting to expand scientific research capabilities. Characterizing the state and direction of progress in this arena is challenging but important. Here, we employ three metrics: a classical metric of productivity (publications per person), an adapted metric which we denote as Revealed Scientific Advantage (developed from...

In a critical and provocative paper, Abramo and D’Angelo claim that commonly used scientometric indicators such as the mean normalized citation score (MNCS) are completely inappropriate as indicators of scientific performance. Abramo and D’Angelo argue that scientific performance should be quantified using indicators that take into account the productivity of a research unit. We provide a respo...

Publications listed in Chemical Abstracts (1962-1966) for 1539 members of the American Association of Clinical Chemists have been analyzed statistically by the “Product of Factors Law” as developed by Zener to assess research productivity. The observed data agreed well with a theoretical distribution curve for research productivity derived from the use of seven individual, uniform, statisticall...

Increased productivity has been cited as one of the benefits of scientific collaboration. While some studies have identified a positive relationship between collaboration and publication productivity, others have found a negative or no clear relationship between the two. A number of factors determine the relationship established, ranging from the context under which research is carried out that...

The prospect of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration developing a second generation Ocean Color Scanner has produced the need for coincident in A= scientific measurements which examine the primary productivity of the upper ocean on time and space scales that are large compared to the environmental scales of interest. Central to the investigation of the productivity, are questions o...

Throughout the development of the sociology of science, the study of normal scientific activity has focused on the general stratification and communication system in science. This seems to affect all scientific fields and manifests itself most clearly in the skewed distributions of productivity and rewards. There have been productivity studies on scientists of a variety of disciplines, includin...