Seedling establishment is a critical phase in pasture management. Knowledge of the seedling development of new forages is necessary to develop management practices and recommend species mixtures for pasture seedings. We compared seedling growth and development of prairiegrass (Bromus willdenowii Kunth = B. catharticus Vahl), grazing bromegrass (B. stamineus Desv.), and orchardgrass (Dactylis gl...

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seeds and roots can create complex rhizosphere effects by releasing flavonoids that induce nodulation (nod) genes in Rhizobium meliloti. Previous reports identified luteolin and 4,4'-dihydroxy-2'-methoxychalcone as strong inducers that are released from seeds and roots, respectively, and 4',7-dihydroxyflavone and 4',7-dihydroxyflavanone as weaker inducers which are ...

Atmospheric organic aerosols (OA) represent a significant fraction of airborne particulate matter and can impact climate, visibility, and human health. These mixtures are difficult to characterize experimentally due to their complex and dynamic chemical composition. We introduce a novel Computational Brewing Application (COBRA) and apply it to modeling oligomerization chemistry stemming from co...

The presence of saponins and the molluscicidal activity of the roots, leaves, seeds and fruits of Swartzia langsdorffii Raddi (Leguminosae) against Biomphalaria glabrata adults and eggs were investigated. The roots, seeds and fruits were macerated in 95% ethanol. These extracts exerted a significant molluscicidal activity against B. glabrata, up to a dilution of 100 mg/l. Four mixtures (A2, B2,...

In this work, we present the excitation/emission strategy, experimental setup, and results of an implementation of krypton tagging velocimetry (KTV). KTV is performed as follows: (i) seed a base flow with krypton; (ii) photosynthesize metastable krypton atoms with a frequency-doubled dye laser to form the tagged tracer; (iii) record the translation of the tagged metastable krypton by imaging th...

Although amyloid assembly in vitro is commonly investigated using single protein sequences, fibril formation in vivo can be more heterogeneous, involving co-assembly of proteins of different length, sequence and/or post-translational modifications. Emerging evidence suggests that co-polymerization can alter the rate and/or mechanism of aggregation and can contribute to pathogenicity. Electrospr...

ABSTRACT Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains INR7 (Bacillus pumilus), GB03 (Bacillus subtilis), and ME1 (Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens) were tested singly and in combinations for biological control against multiple cucumber pathogens. Investigations under greenhouse conditions were conducted with three cucumber pathogens-Colletotrichum orbiculare (causing anthracnose), Pseudomon...

A CE-tandem mass spectrometry (MS²) methodology enabling the simultaneous determination of betaines (glycine betaine, trigonelline, proline betaine and total content of carnitines) in vegetable oils was developed. Betaines were derivatized with butanol previous to their baseline separation in 10 min using a 0.1 M formic acid buffer at pH 2.0. Ion trap conditions were optimized in order to maxim...

In their seed triacylglycerols, Cuphea carthagenensis contains 62% lauric acid; maize possesses 50% linoleic acid and 30% oleic acid; rapeseed (Brassica napus L. var Dwarf Essex) has 40% erucic acid; and Canola (Brassica napus L. var Tower) holds 60% oleic acid and 23% linoleic acid. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.20) in the microsomal preparations from maturing seeds of the above spe...

Identification and discrimination of most cranberry varieties is problematic. There are few qualitative morphological traits with which to discriminate varieties of cranberry. Apple varieties, on the other hand, are easily discriminated, i.e. the fruit of Golden Delicious versus Red Delicious apples. Vegetative morphology, e.g. leaf shape, size, etc., of most cranberry varieties is very similar...