Analytical bedded-beam spring model is most commonly adopted in the tunnel engineering practice due to its simplicity and promising outputs. Despite many well documented literatures exist concerning about theories fundamentals of various methods, there a dearth information on modelling framework details are often overlooked process. The main aim this paper produce soft ground, for both direct i...

Driven by progress in sensor technology, computer software and data processing capabilities, terrestrial laser scanning has recently proved a revolutionary technique for high accuracy, 3D mapping and documentation of physical scenarios and man-made structures. Particularly, this is of great importance in the underground space and tunnel construction environment as surveying engineering operatio...

Tunnel construction in China is increasing year by year. With the passage of time, will usher peak period tunnel engineering repair, and it vital to study advance influential nature lining crack disease as well management measures. By summarising a large amount relevant literature, this paper analyses main locations where cracks are generated linings. Through method finite element numerical ana...

Large section tunnels have huge excavation spans, complex procedures, mutual influence among various multiple disturbances of the surrounding rock, and discontinuous connection linings under different which bring great difficulties to their construction. The Caijianwei Mountain No. 2 tunnel Xiamen Haicang Evacuate-channel project in China belongs a super large tunnel. tunnel’s maximum span reac...

A rapid, precise and automated means for the regular inspection and maintenance of a large number of tunnels is needed. Based on the depth study of the tunnel monitoring method, the CNU-TS-1 mobile tunnel monitoring system (TS1) is developed and presented. It can efficiently obtain the cross-sections that are orthogonal to the tunnel in a dynamic way, and the control measurements that depend on...