In the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, normal prion protein (PrP-sen) is converted to a protease-resistant isoform, PrP-res, by an apparent self-propagating activity of the latter. Here we describe new, more physiological cell-free systems for analyzing the initial binding and subsequent conversion reactions between PrP-sen and PrP-res. These systems allowed the use of antibodies to ...

We study equational axiomatizations of bisimulation equivalence for the language obtained by extending Milner's basic CCS with string iteration. String iteration is a variation on the original binary version of the Kleene star operation p q obtained by restricting the rst argument to be a non-empty sequence of atomic actions. We show that, for every positive integer k, bisimulation equivalence ...

In this paper I maintain that Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach (CA) implies a recuperation of practical science in Economics. Sen’s proposal has some problems closely related to this practical character: the heterogeneity and incommensurability of capabilities, its ambiguity concerning the use of the term “capability”, and the consequent lack of operative character of the CA. Sen recognizes th...

Suppes-Sen Dominance is a commonly accepted criterion of impartiality in distributive justice. Mariotti (1999) characterized the Nash bargaining solution using Nash (1950)’s Scale Invariance (SI) axiom and an axiom named Suppes-Sen Proofness (SSP) that embodies the Suppes-Sen principle. By adding a relative equity component to SSP, we …rst consider a stronger version of of it, the Strong Suppes...

IE. Kandel, D. Hunter, and R. Wermers dedicate this paper to the memory of our valued friend and colleague, Shmuel Kandel, who inspired us and contributed mightily to this project. Corresponding author: R. Wermers, [email protected] (email), 301-405-0572 (tel), 301-405-0359 (fax). We gratefully acknowledge useful comments from an anonymous referee, and suggestions from the participants of the Ger...

BACKGROUND Short bowel syndrome (SBS) can lead to intestinal failure and require total or supplemental parenteral nutrition (TPN or PN, respectively). Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) is a nutrient-dependent, proglucagon-derived gut hormone that stimulates intestinal adaptation. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to determine whether supplemental enteral nutrients (SEN) modulate the intestinotrophic ...

BACKGROUND: Only governments sensitive to the demands of their citizens appropriately respond to needs of their nation. Based on Professor Amartya Sen's analysis of the link between famine and democracy, the following null hypothesis was tested: "Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevalence is not associated with governance". METHODS: Governance has been divided by a recent World Bank paper in...