in this article, according to the 5 transcriptions of iranian vocal masters, we try to observe some of various functions of tahrir in iranian classical music with comparative - analytic method and schenkerian analysis. the goal of usage schenkerian analysis is to interpret the underlying structure of tahrirs by showing hierarchical relationships among tones, and also drawing the graphs  of redu...

According to discourse theories in linguistics, conversational utterances possess an informational structure that partitions each sentence into two portions: a “given” and “new”. In this work, we explore this idea by building sub-sentence discourse language models for conversational speech recognition. The internal sentence structure is captured in statistical language modeling by training mult...

Syntax plays an important role in the task of predicting the semantic structure of a sentence. But syntactic phenomena such as alternations, control and raising tend to obfuscate the relation between syntax and semantics. In this paper we predict the semantic structure of a sentence using a deeper syntax than what is usually done. This deep syntactic representation abstracts away from purely sy...

A topic or a theme is what discourse, a discourse fragment or a sentence is about. It is the shortest summary of a discourse, the main proposition of a paragraph or what is commented on in a sentence. The term topic is usually defined as the aboutness of a unit of discourse [20]. Topic structure within a text can be tackled from two different points of view: from a Document Level (discourse top...

This article reports the results of an eye-tracking experiment that investigated the processing of coordinate structures in Chinese sentence comprehension. The study tracked the eye movements of native Chinese readers as they read sentences consisting of two independent clauses connected by the word huo zhe. The data strongly confirmed readers' preference for an initial noun phrase (NP)-coordin...

This experiment shows that for an English speaker reading aloud, the topic structure of the text affects the amount of lengthening in sentence-final words. The speaker lengthened words less at the end of sentences that were followed by another sentence elaborating on the topic of the first, than at the end of sentences where the subsequent sentence added new information or switched topics. Thes...

Previous research has demonstrated that properties of a currently fixated word and of adjacent words influence eye movement control in reading. In contrast to such local effects, little is known about the global effects on eye movement control, for example global adjustments caused by processing difficulty of previous sentences. In the present study, participants read text passages in which voi...

This paper presents a novel method of semantic parsing that maps a natural language (NL) sentence to a logical form. We propose a semantic parsing method by conducting separately two steps as follows; 1) The first step is to predict semantic tags for a given input sentence. 2) The second step is to build a semantic representation structure for the sentence using the sequence of semantic tags. W...

A longstanding question in bilingualism is whether syntactic information is shared between the two language processing systems. We used an fMRI repetition suppression paradigm to investigate syntactic priming in reading comprehension in German-English late-acquisition bilinguals. In comparison to conventional subtraction analyses in bilingual experiments, repetition suppression has the advantag...