background: neonatal infections are one of the major causes of death in iran. since identifying the risk factors, types, site, bacterial causes, and case fatality rate of an infection can be effective in selecting preventive and therapeutic methods, and appropriate supportive measures, this study aimed to investigate the aforementioned factors in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) of ghaem...

Background/objective: Neonatal septicemia is one of the major causes of mortality in newborns. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical manifestations and laboratory findings in positive blood culture in neonatal septicemia. Methods: In this retrospective study, we allocated 100 records positive blood culture of neonates suffering from septicemia. A questionnaire was completed for each...

Sepsis is the leading cause of death in surgical intensive care units and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal and medical intensive care units. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that, in the United States alone, approximately 500,000 people develop sepsis and 175,000 people die each year. Sepsis is a growing problem; its incidence has tripled from 1972...

Bacteremia and sepsis, along with other serious bacterial infections (SBIs), are still significant causes of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide despite the use of modern antibiotics and evidence-based resuscitation guidelines and treatments.1 Sepsis in neonates is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality. Based on the onset, neonatal sepsis is classified into two major...

Isolation of diphtheroids in human clinical specimens is not uncommon. Several studies have highlighted the significance of these bacteria in human infection, which morphologically resemble Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Previous studies have noted that occurrence of these bacteria in specimens like the blood should not be ignored as they can result in serious infections like endocarditis and sep...

Nutrition support for patients in hospital has become an essential form of therapy. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) was the preferred way of giving nutrition to hospital patients for many years but enteral nutrition (EN) is now the preferred route. EN is believed to promote gut function and prevent translocation of intestinal bacteria, thus reducing the incidence of sepsis in critically ill pa...

Bloodstream infection by highly antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), is a growing clinical problem that increasingly defies medical intervention. Identifying patients at high risk for bacterial sepsis remains an important clinical challenge. Recent studies have shown that antibiotics can alter microbial diversity in the intestine. Here, we characterize...

We evaluated all fatal neonatal sepsis and pneumonia cases occurring in Alaska during 1992-2000. Risk factors were evaluated using a database of all births occurring during the study period. Of 32 cases, group B streptococcus (GBS) was isolated from 21% (all 7 days of age), non-GBS Gram-positive bacteria from 50% (53% <7 days of age), and Gram-negative infections from 38% (58% <7 days of age). ...

Sphingomonas Paucimobilis is an aerobic, oxidase positive, catalase positive, motile gram negative bacterium, opportunistic pathogen. 1 It is widely found in nature, especially in water and soil and has been isolated frequently from hospital water systems, mechanical ventilators etc. The bacteria are known to cause infections in immunocompromised and hospitalized patients. It rarely affects imm...

Sepsis is a diseasewith highmortality.1–7However, the original notion of sepsis as the invasion of blood and tissues by pathogenic microorganisms has long come to be replaced, in the antibiotic era, by the recognition that in many cases, the main causes of death arise not so much from the replication of the pathogen per se but from the host’s “innate immune” response to the pathogen.8–11 In par...