This study presents serogroup 6 isolates from invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) before and after the recommendation for childhood pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in Germany (July 2006). A total of 19,299 (children: 3508, adults: 15,791) isolates were serotyped. Serogroup 6 isolates accounted for 9.5% (children) and 6.7% (adults), respectively. 548 isolates had serotype 6A, 558 had serotype...

the study was conducted to determine the type, frequency and severity of gross, histopathologic changes, effect of route of infection and also, tissue tropism of serotype 793/b (4/91) infectious bronchitis virus. 20 day-old specific pathogen free chicks were inoculated intra-tracheally and intra-orally with 793/b serotype and lesions studied histopathologically at interval up to 10 days post-in...

The purpose of this review is to draw together recent advances in the pathogenesis of haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) induced by verocytotoxin, including information from the successful Third International Symposium on Verocytotoxin Producing Escherichia coli, “VTEC’97”, in Baltimore.However, the highly publicised outbreaks of verocytotoxin producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) infection in Japan...

Atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC) is an important etiological agent of infantile diarrhea worldwide. Pathogenic aEPEC strains employ LEE-encoded proteins to subvert normal host cell functions, culminating in intestinal pathologic alterations termed attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions. In addition, some aEPEC strains harbor non-LEE effectors that may contribute to pathogenesis,...

Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi is a strictly human adapted pathogen that does not cause disease in nonprimate vertebrate hosts, while Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium is a broad-host-range pathogen. Serotype Typhi lacks some of the proteins (effectors) exported by the invasion-associated type III secretion system that are required by serotype Typhimurium for eliciting fluid secretio...

The serotypes of 144 strains of Shigella flexneri serotype 1 (serotypes 1a, 1b, and 1c) isolated from patients attending the Dhaka treatment center of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, between 1997 and 2001 were serologically confirmed by using commercially available antisera and a panel of monoclonal antibodies specific for S. flexneri group and type factor ...

BACKGROUND In 2007, Park et al. identified a novel serotype among Streptococcus pneumoniae serogroup 6 which they named serotype 6C. The aim of this study was to evaluate with the Neufeld test a novel S. pneumoniae serotype 6C type specific polyclonal antiserum. In addition, serotype 6C isolates found in Denmark in 2007 and 2008 as well as eight old original serotype 6A isolates were characteri...

Australia has a universal infant pneumococcal conjugate vaccination program and until recently polysaccharide vaccine for non-Indigenous adults aged ?65 years Indigenous ?50 years. We documented the impacts of adult programs on epidemiology invasive disease (IPD) in adults. IPD notifications from National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System were analysed 2002 to 2017, grouped by age, serotyp...

The hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is one of the most frequent causes of pediatric acute renal failure. The aim of this study was to report the clinic and microbiologic features associated with 13 post-diarrheal HUS cases identified in pediatric intensive care units in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, from January 2001 to August 2005. Epide...