Sixty-seven clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae (40 of serotype 23F, 19 of serotype 19F, and 8 of serotype 6B) with decreased susceptibilities to penicillin and erythromycin were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility patterns; DNA restriction endonuclease cleavage profiles of the penicillin-binding protein genes pbp1a, pbp2b, and pbp2x; random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) ...

Enterococci exhibit two types of resistance to streptomycin. Moderately high-level resistance is observed in most naturally occurring strains and can be overcome by simultaneous exposure to penicillin. In addition, very high-level resistance is found in those strains against which penicillin plus streptomycin fail to produce synergism in vitro. To study the mechanism of streptomycin resistance ...

Thirty one preterm neonates who had clinical, radiological, or bacteriological evidence of infection and who would normally have received gentamicin and penicillin were treated with latamoxef (Moxalactam) 100 mg/kg/day. All were examined prospectively for clinical improvement and possible side effects. Biochemical and haematological values were monitored and pharmacokinetic variables determined...

It is now well recognized that penicillin is no panacea, but nevertheless it is a remarkable drug, and clinicians in every branch of medicine have good reason to be thankful for its usefulness in their own spheres. It is superior to the sulphonamides in that it has a greater range of effectiveness against bacterial diseases, in that it is virtually non-toxic, in that it rarely causes sensitizat...

We previously demonstrated the efficacy of ceftriaxone (CRO), at 50 mg/kg of body weight every 12 h, against a highly penicillin-resistant (MIC, 4 micrograms/ml) Streptococcus pneumoniae strain with low-level resistance to CRO (MIC, 0.5 microgram/ml) in a leukopenic-mouse pneumonia model (P. Moine, E. Vallée, E. Azoulay-Dupuis, P. Bourget, J.-P. Bédos, J. Bauchet, and J.-J. Pocidalo, Antimicrob...

Eyckmans, Luc (Cornell University Medical College, New York, N.Y.), and Edward W. Hook. Induction of penicillinase by staphylococci in vitro and in vivo. J. Bacteriol. 91:997-1003. 1966.-Staphylococci in mice with peritoneal infection showed no significant increase in penicillinase activity 6 hr after administration of penicillin G. In contrast, induction of penicillinase was readily demonstrat...