Recent studies of municipal solid waste landfills have revealed the influence of biodegradation upon secondary settlement. Modern landfills, however, are designed with efficient containment systems which minimise moisture ingress and thereby reduce leachate and gas generation. The shortage of moisture means that these containment systems delay decomposition and stabilisation of waste. An altern...

Most studies of settlement cues in sessile marine invertebrates have focused on species with the potential to disperse over great distances. This persistent focus has perpetuated the idea that long-distance dispersing species may rely on cues to settle in specific habitats, whereas shortdistance dispersers are delivered directly into a favorable habitat. I tested the effects of water movement a...

A small number of studies have demonstrated that settlement stage decapod crustaceans are able to detect and exhibit swimming, settlement and metamorphosis responses to ambient underwater sound emanating from coastal reefs. However, the intensity of the acoustic cue required to initiate the settlement and metamorphosis response, and therefore the potential range over which this acoustic cue may...

This study has been carried out to investigate the biological and environmental parameters influencing the settlement and post-settlement survival of the infective stages of Lepeophtheirus salmonis KrOyer 1837. The abiotic factors investigated were temperature and salinity. Temperature was found to have a significant effect on the settlement success of the copepodids with an inverse relationshi...

Settlement and post-settlement processes of the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra Jaeger were studied in the laboratory. Independent and paired choice experiments revealed that several substrates could induce metamorphosis into pentactulae, but that specific substrates favoured settlement. Leaves of seagrass Thalassia hemprichii, with or without their natural bio-film, yielded the highest settleme...

Losers and Losers: Some Demographics of Medical Malpractice Tort Reforms Our research examines individual differences in the effects of medical malpractice tort reforms on pre-trial settlement speed and settlement amounts by age and most likely settlement size. Findings of note include that, unlike previously assumed, both absolute and percentage losses from tort reform are small for infants in...

We present a concise review of the recent theoretical progress concerning the standard model calculation of the inclusive radiative B̄ → Xsγ decay. Particular attention is thereby devoted to the calculations of the next-to-next-to-leading order fixed-order O(αs) contributions, non-local O(αsΛ/mb) power corrections, and logarithmic-enhanced O(αs) cut-effects to the decay rate. The current status ...

The equations of motion for a massive spin2 Rarita-Schwinger field in a finite-range, central, Lorentz scalar potential are developed. It is shown that the resulting density may not be everywhere positive definite.

Delay faults are an increasingly important test challenge. Traditional open and bridge fault models are incomplete because only the functional fault or a subset of delay fault are modeled. In this paper, we propose a circuit level model for resistive open and bridge faults. All possible fault behaviors are illustrated and a general resistive bridge delay calculation method is proposed. The new ...

Elevation of the K+ concentration in seawater (added as KC1) induces larval settlement and metamorphosis in Bugula simplex, B. stolonifera, and B. turrita. All three of these bryozoan species have similar bell-shaped dose-response curves: 5 mM excess K+ is sufficient to increase settlement and metamorphosis significantly over seawater controls in all the species and optimal responses to excess ...