The ability of nest predation to influence habitat settlement decisions in birds is widely debated, despite its importance in limiting fitness. Here, we experimentally manipulated nest predation risk across a landscape and asked the question, do migratory birds assess and respond to variation in nest predation risk when choosing breeding habitats? We examined habitat preference by quantifying t...

EuroAmerican land use and its legacies have transformed forest structure and composition across the United States (US). More accurate reconstructions of historical states are critical to understanding the processes governing past, current, and future forest dynamics. Gridded (8x8km) estimates of pre-settlement (1800s) forests from the upper Midwestern US (Minnesota, Wisconsin, and most of Michi...

the theory of urban ecology is based on explaining urban spatial structure, studying and describing the reciprocal relationship between human societies in the urban areas and the environment, as well as analyzing the circumstances of urban population segregation and production of everyday life spaces. to study and explain urban ecological structure of mashhad, the case study of the article, we ...

Increasing settlement and post-settlement survival during the critical transition from planktonic larvae to benthic juveniles will increase efficiency for sea urchin aquaculture. This study investigated the effects of temperature and settlement cues on the settlement and post-settlement survival of the sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla during this phase. The current commercial methodology, which ...

this paper describes a series of laboratory model tests on strip footings supported on unreinforced and geogrid-reinforced sand with an inside void. the footing is subjected to a combination of static and cyclic loading. the influence of various parameters including the embedment depth of the void, the number of reinforcement layers, and the amplitude of cyclic load were studied. the results sh...

In this paper, a study was carried out in order to estimate settlements and consolidation rates under embankments constructed on Moroccan soft soils.  Settlement measurements in several embankments in High Speed Railway project between two Moroccan cities, Tangier and Assilah,  were analyzed. The objective of this study is to estimate settlement values and settlement rates, with sufficient prec...