Abnormal development of the external and internal genital organs and male pseudohermaphrodite-type disorders of sex development is one of the conditions that creates problem in determination of gender. In this case report, our aim is to discuss how disorders with psychotic symptoms may affect different cultural life styles, circumstances, experience, delusion contents of identification and acce...

Genetic mechanisms of sex determination are unexpectedly diverse and change rapidly during evolution. We review the role of genetic conflict as the driving force behind this diversity and turnover. Genetic conflict occurs when different components of a genetic system are subject to selection in opposite directions. Conflict may occur between genomes (including paternal-maternal and parentalzygo...

Five newly identified sex-biased transcripts in Drosophila are full of surprises: although they are found in fly heads, and manipulating two of them affects mating behaviors, their genes are expressed sex-specifically in non-neural tissues. The way these genes are regulated suggests new complexities in the sex determination pathway.

(2015) Proteomics: a promising tool for research on sex-related differences in dioecious plants. Dioecy is a form of sex distribution in seed plants. In dioecious plants, the male and female reproductive organs sit on different unisexual plants. Dioecy occurs in many plant families, and approximately 14,600 species in 200 families are dioecious (Ming et al., 2007); however, a limited number of ...