in this paper, a closed form solution for bending and free vibration analyses of simply supported rectangular laminated composite plates is presented. the static and free vibration behavior of symmetric and antisymmetric laminates is investigated using a refined first-order shear deformation theory. the winkler–pasternak two-parameter model is employed to express the interaction between the lam...

This study investigates the shear behavior of slender steel-reinforced geopolymer concrete (GPC) beams with span to effective depth ratio (a/d) 4.5 and 5.0. To investigate effect reinforcement, two ordinary Portland cement (OPC) GPC without OPC reinforced stirrups were cast. All 150 mm wide 225 deep lengths 1770 (a/d=4.5) 1950 (a/d=5). The tested under a three-point bending test. experimental r...

Vascular endothelial cell migration is critical in many physiological processes including wound healing and stent endothelialization. To determine how preexisting cell morphology influences cell migration under fluid shear stress, endothelial cells were preset in an elongated morphology on micropatterned substrates, and unidirectional shear stress was applied either parallel or perpendicular to...

Recognizing that steel fibers can supplement the brittle tensile characteristics of concrete, many studies have been conducted on the shear performance of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) members. However, previous studies were mostly focused on the shear strength and proposed empirical shear strength equations based on their experimental results. Thus, this study attempts to estimate the...

this paper presents the results of a series of monotonic and post-cyclic triaxial tests carried out on a clay specimen and three types of clay-sand mixed specimens. the focus of the paper is on the post-cyclic mechanical behavior of the mixed specimens, as compared to their monotonic behavior. analyses of the tests results show that cyclic loading degrade undrained shear strength and deformatio...

BACKGROUND Ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment has shown great potential as a novel pretreatment technology with high sugar yields. To improve process economics of pretreatment, higher biomass loading is desirable. The goal of this work is to establish, the impact of high biomass loading of switchgrass on IL pretreatment in terms of viscosity, cellulose crystallinity, chemical composition, saccharif...

The response of a steel moment resisting frame (MRF) depends on the specifications of its main components, namely the columns, beams and connections. One important connection element which can significantly affect frame behavior is the panel zone (PZ). The PZ is described to be an element mainly subjected to shear stresses and its failure mode is often governed by shear yielding. Several analyt...

−The scale up or scale down of the process variables in a surface aerator requires information about the shear rate prevailing in the system. In fact, the performance of surface aerator depends upon the shear rate. Shear rate affects the mass transfer operation needed by the surface aerator. Theoretical analysis of shear rate suggests a nonlinear behavior with rotational speed of the impeller, ...