shot hole caused by wilsonomyces carpophilus is one of the main constraints to prune fruit production in iran particularly in khorasan razavi province. it causes foliage shot hole in spring and early summer; fruit-spotting and cankers on limbs and twigs during autumn rains. the fungus was isolated from the lesions of twigs and was purified on pda. the pathogenicity and virulence on detached twi...

Photocurrent shot noise represents the fundamental quantum limit for amplitude, phase and timing measurements of optical signals. It is generally assumed that non-classical states of light must be employed to alter the standard, timeinvariant shot noise detection limit. However, in the detection of periodic signals, correlations in the shot noise spectrum can impact the quantum limit of detecti...

A recent theory is reviewed for the shot noise of coherent radiation propagating through a random medium. The Fano factor P/Ī (the ratio of the noise power and the mean transmitted current) is related to the scattering matrix of the medium. This is the optical analogue of Büttiker’s formula for electronic shot noise. Scattering by itself has no effect on the Fano factor, which remains equal to ...

In this paper, we introduce, the use of the shot-noise analysis, brought forward by Rice [l], as a natural tool in computing the various statistical properties of the multipath fading channels, in wireless communications. By adapting and generalizing this theory we derive the various statistical properties of thc channel, including the second-order statistics, generalizations of Campbell’s theo...

Video shot boundary detection is a fundamental step in video indexing and retrieval. There are a number of different types of transitions or boundaries between shots. Most shot change detection algorithms can detect abrupt transitions without difficulty. However, gradual transitions usually consist of wipes, fades, dissolves and computergenerated effects, so it is much more difficult for us to ...

Illumination variation poses a serious problem in video shot detection. It causes false cuts in many shot detection algorithms. A new illumination invariant measure metric is proposed in this paper. The metric is based on the assumption: the outputs of derivative filters to log-illumination are sparse. Thus the outputs of derivative filters to log-image are mainly caused by the scene itself. If...

This paper presents a system that automatically detects TV commercials using HMMs. To that end, two different observations are taken for each video shot: logo presence and shot duration. These observations are modeled using HMM and the Viterbi decoder is finally used for shot labeling. The system has been tested on several hours of real video achieving more than 99% of correct labeling.

objective: the aim of the present study was to compare microtensile bond strengths (μtbs) of glass fiber posts to different parts of intra-radicular dentin using conventional method and one-shot technique under different light intensities. materials and methods: twenty-eight single-rooted teeth were prepared to receive fiber posts: group 1: conventional method at light intensity of 600 mw/cm2; ...

siahe-e-samarghandi is one of the most important cultivars of grapevine (vitis vinifera) in fars province. some problems of this cultivar are its sparse clusters with small berries and berries that are in different stages of growth. foliar application of urea, zinc sulfate, boric acid 4, 3 and 1gl-1, respectively as well as sodium molybdate at the concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 gl-1 were a...