Short interspersed elements (SINEs) are a family of retrotransposons evolutionarily derived from cellular RNA polymerase III transcripts. Over evolutionary time, SINEs have expanded throughout the human genome and today comprise ~11% of total chromosomal DNA. While generally transcriptionally silent in healthy somatic cells, SINE expression increases during a variety of types of stresses, inclu...

The paper provides a full self-contained derivation of fast algorithms to compute discrete Cosine and Sine transforms I IV. For the Sine I/II and Cosine I/II transforms a unified derivation based on the concept of the comrade matrix is presented. The comrade matrices associated with different versions of the transforms differ in only a few boundary elements; hence, in each case algorithms can b...

t AbstractLeast-squares' sine-fit algorithms are used extensively in signal-processing applications. The parameter estimates produced by such algorithms are subject to both random and systematic errors when the record of input samples consists of a fundamental sine wave corrupted by harmonic distortion or noise. The errors occur because, in general, such sine-fits will incorporate a portion of ...

Short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), such as Alu, spread by retrotransposition, which requires their transcripts to be copied into DNA and then inserted into new chromosomal sites. This can lead to genetic damage through insertional mutagenesis and chromosomal rearrangements between non-allelic SINEs at distinct loci. SINE DNA is heavily methylated and this was thought to suppress its a...

The Sine-Gordon equation in (1+3) dimensions has N-traveling front ("kink", "domain wall")- solutions for all N ≥ 1. A nonlinear functional of the solution, which vanishes on a single-front, maps multi-front solutions onto sets of infinitely long, but laterally bounded, rods, which move in space. Each rod is localized in the vicinity of the intersection of two Sine-Gordon fronts. The rod system...

Motivation Short Interspersed Nuclear Elements (SINEs) are transposable elements (TEs) that amplify through a copy-and-paste mode via RNA intermediates. The computational identification of new SINEs are challenging because of their weak structural signals and rapid diversification in sequences. Results Here we report SINE_Scan, a highly efficient program to predict SINE elements in genomic DN...

In this paper, a high-performance all-digital quadrature frequency synthesizer/mixer applied to QAM modulation and demodulation is presented, which synthesizes 12-bit sine and cosine waveforms with a spectral purity of –83.0dB. The synthesizer covers a bandwidth from dc to 100 MHz in steps of 0.0466Hz with a corresponding switching speed of 5 ns at 200MHz clock frequency. Also, it is capable of...

We study the sine-Gordon model in two dimensional space time in two different domains. For β > 8π and weak coupling, we introduce an ultraviolet cutoff and study the infrared behavior. A renormalization group analysis shows that the the model is asymptotically free in the infrared. For β < 8π and weak coupling, we introduce an infrared cutoff and study the ultraviolet behavior. A renormalizatio...

Systemic sclerosis sine scleroderma is a rare form of limited systemic sclerosis. These patients are without skin involvement, but do not differ in its clinical or laboratory features and prognosis from classical systemic sclerosis. In the absence of cutaneous signs/symptoms, its diagnosis is delayed leading to significant morbidity and mortality. We report a case of sixty year old female who p...

The fixed spectrum for an average orchestral instrument tone is presented based on spectral data from the Sandell Harmonic Archive (SHARC). This database contains non-time-variant spectral analyses for 1,338 recorded instrument tones from 23 Western instruments ranging from contrabassoon to piccolo. From these spectral analyses, a grand average was calculated, providing what might be considered...