BACKGROUND We tested the hypothesis that household chaos would be associated with lower child IQ and more child conduct problems concurrently and longitudinally over two years while controlling for housing conditions, parent education/IQ, literacy environment, parental warmth/negativity, and stressful events. METHODS The sample included 302 families with same-sex twins (58% female) in Kinderg...

This review seeks to examine whether the existing literature on child conduct problems (CP) supports the notion that certain CP risk factors vary in their importance across disadvantaged and better-off environments. Disadvantaged environments are represented by socioeconomic and/or neighborhood risk (SN risk) in this review. Three types of studies were reviewed: behavioral genetic studies that ...

BACKGROUND Little is known about the stability of behavioural and developmental problems as children develop from infants to toddlers in the general population. Therefore, we investigated behavioural profiles at two time points and determined whether behaviours are stable during early development. METHODS Parents of 4,237 children completed questionnaires with 62 items about externalizing, in...

In this paper, we propose an algorithm for computing the farthest-segment Voronoi diagram for the edges of a convex polygon and apply this to obtain an O(n logn) algorithm for the following proximity problem: Given a set P of n (>2) points in the plane, we have O(n2) implicitly defined segments on pairs of points. For each point p ∈ P , find a segment from this set of implicitly defined segment...

CONTEXT Preventive screening and counseling of adolescents is time-intensive and is usually done by clinicians who currently provide far fewer preventive services than guidelines suggest. OBJECTIVE Create a clinically effective, cost-efficient, replicable program to screen and counsel adolescents. DESIGN The Adolescent Preventive Services (APS) Program was designed to screen youth (aged 13-...

OBJECTIVE To study the medical, emotional, and developmental profile of children being considered for permanent substitute care. DESIGN A retrospective analysis of 100 adoption/permanency medicals. SETTING All children considered by the adoption and permanency panel in Greenwich, south east London, between 1994 and 1998. OUTCOME MEASURES Analysis of medical reports completed using the Bri...

OBJECTIVES To conduct a meta-analytic review of selective and indicated mentoring interventions for effects for youth at risk on delinquency and key associated outcomes (aggression, drug use, academic functioning). We also undertook the first systematic evaluation of intervention implementation features and organization and tested for effects of theorized key processes of mentor program effects...

Emotion and pain are known to be intimately related, but treating co-occurring problems is still in its infancy mainly because we lack a clear theoretical understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved. This lack of understanding is problematic because treatment has proved challenging and co-occurring pain and emotional problems are associated with poor outcome, relapse, and greater sick a...

Informed by the reserve capacity model, we examined pathways between socioeconomic status (SES) and internalizing symptoms (IS) in 1119 Chilean 10-year-olds. Mediators included parental disciplinary style and reserve capacity resources (RCR), namely home environment, parent-child engagement, and self-esteem, and conduct problems. Using structural equation modeling, the model was stratified by g...

One of the most common problems in autistic children is split attention. Split attention prevents autism children from being able to focus attention on their learning, and tasks. As a result, it is important to identify how to make autistic individuals focus attention on learning. Considering autistic individuals have higher visual abilities in comparing with ordinary people, visual supports ar...