For H-type transition to turbulence in a flat-plate boundary layer, we identify dynamically important features resulting from direct numerical and large eddy simulations (DNS and LES, respectively). Even though LES coupled with a dynamic subgrid-scale model provides an accurate prediction of the transition location, it fails to predict initial overshoot and subsequent turbulent skin friction. D...

This article presents numerical analysis of mixed convection laminar flow of a second grade viscoelastic fluid due to cylinder of elliptic cross-section with prescribed surface heat flux. Dimensionless nonlinear analysis is computed employing Keller-box method. Skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are emphasized specifically. These quantities are displayed graphically to examine their b...

Here we are concerned with the Darcy-Forchheimer three-dimensional flow of carbon nanotubes in a rotating frame. Flow is generated by stretching of the surface. Xue model is adopted for nanofluid transport mechanism. Results for single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi wall carbon nanotubes are achieved and compared. Flow saturating porous space obeys Darcy-Forchheimer expression. Bounda...

This article addresses the boundary layer flow and heat transfer in third grade fluid over an unsteady permeable stretching sheet. The transverse magnetic and electric fields in the momentum equations are considered. Thermal boundary layer equation includes both viscous and Ohmic dissipations. The related nonlinear partial differential system is reduced first into ordinary differential system a...

In this paper, we have studied the effect of radiation, magnetic field on the mixed convection flow of a magneto-micropolar fluid past a continuously moving surface with suction and blowing. The governing equations have been reduced to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by similarity transformations, which have been solved numerically using finite difference method. The effec...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a novel technique for skin characterization. OBJECTIVES To develop AFM tests for characterization of the outermost epidermis layer, corneocytes. As an example, the effect of moisturizer on the corneocyte properties is studied. METHODS AND MATERIALS Topology, rigidity, and friction (between individual corneocytes and AFM probe) of the top l...

An enthalpy-balance fuel-grain regression model is presented. The regression model, based on the longitudinally averaged fuel recession rates, is shown to accurately predict the chamber pressure, thrust and specific impulse performance of small and medium scale hybrid rocket motors. The key to the model predictions is the longitudinal enthalpy balance between the fuel grain heat of ablation and...

The unsteady, incompressible boundary layer flow caused by an impulsively stretching surface under the influence of a transverse magnetic field is investigated. The partial differential equations governing the laminar flow, under boundary-layer approximations, are non-dimensionalised using similarity transformations and then solved numerically using an efficient, implicit finite-difference sche...

Effects of hydrophobic surface on skin-friction drag are investigated through direct numerical simulations of a turbulent channel flow. Hydrophobic surface is represented by a slip-boundary condition on the surface. When a slip-boundary condition is used in the streamwise direction, the skin-friction drag decreases and turbulence intensities and turbulence structures, near-wall streamwise vorti...

The aim of this paper is to present non-similar solutions of a steady laminar compressible boundary layer flow past a long thin circular cylinder including the effects of wall enthalpy and surface mass transfer. The governing equations along with the boundary conditions are first converted into dimensionless form by a non-similar transformation, and then the resulting system of coupled non-line...