Expanding upon work by Diessel & Tomasello (2005, hereafter D&T) and Gries (to appear), 1 this study explores particle positioning in child language as a gradual cognitive-pragmatic development based on statistical distribution of input. The phenomenon of particle position alternation is peculiar insofar as it defines a category of combinations which show syntactic variation without concomitant...

OLAP cubes are a powerful database technology to join tables and aggregate data to discover interesting trends. However, OLAP cubes exhibit limitations to uncover fractional relationships on a measure aggregated at multiple granularity levels. One prominent example is the percentage, an intuitive probablistic metric, used in practically every analytic application. With such motivation in mind, ...

Objectives This paper presents an optimal trajectory generation method for the biped walking on inclined surfaces by changing some boundary conditions. The minimal energy is used as a criterion to propose a dynamically stable and optimal trajectory generation method for the impactless biped walking. Methods A biped robot should be able to navigate artificial environments including stair-cases, ...

The energetics of the interaction of internal gravity waves with a shelf break is investigated by means of high-resolution two-dimensional numerical simulations, with an emphasis on understanding the partitioning of the internal wave energy over the course of the interaction process and the subsequent dynamics of the onshore propagating internal waves. Some of the energy is dissipated as a resu...

In the present study, we proposed a modification in one of the most frequently applied effect-size procedures in single-case data analysis: the percentage of nonoverlapping data. In contrast with other techniques, the calculus and interpretation of this procedure are straightforward and can be easily complemented by visual inspection of the graphed data. Although the percentage of nonoverlappin...

STUDY OBJECTIVE This study examined the impact on children's respiratory health of a government air quality intervention that restricted the sulphur content of fuels to 0.5% from July 1990 onwards. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS This study examined the changes, one and two years after the introduction of the intervention, in airway hyperreactivity of non-asthmatic and non-wheezing, primary 4, 5,...

BACKGROUND Currently, a suitable and reliable noninvasive method to evaluate rotational stability in vivo in anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees, particularly during sports movements, does not exist. We speculated that if there is a rotational instability, the patient would avoid reaching a high pivoting moment during pivoting activities as a defense mechanism, and that the ground reacti...