smallholder schemes will not survive Irrigation Management Transfer (IMT) as it is currently envisioned. For IMT to be successful in the African smallholder context, governments must first enhance the income-creation potential of smallholder irrigated farming by strengthening market access, promoting high-value crops and improving extension and technical support to smallholder irrigators. This ...

This article examines new multilateral food and agriculture development programs implemented in response to the 2008 Global Food Crisis. These programs, which seek to increase agricultural investment and production in developing countries, have gained wide currency among donors, recipient governments and multilateral organizations. Given the significant financial and political resources committ...

Abstract Oil palm sector is one of the major contributors to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Malaysia. In 2019, with oil area 5.90 million hectares, exports have contributed RM64.84 billion country’s income. Indirectly, it helps economic growth and socioeconomic independent smallholders which occupy over 16% total planted Despite significant contribution economy, Malaysian industries has been h...