In this paper, we rigorously prove the existence and stability of multiple spot patterns for the Gray-Scott system in a two dimensional domain which are far from spatial homogeneity. The Green's function together with its derivatives and two nonlocal eigenvalue problems both play a major role in the analysis. We establish a threshold behavior: If a certain inequality holds then we get stability...

We propose a new framework for education in conflict zones, considering the explosive growth of social media, web services, and mobile Internet over the past decade. Moreover, we focus on one conflict zone, Afghanistan, as a case study, because of its alarmingly high illiteracy rate, lack of qualified teachers, rough terrain, and relatively high mobile penetration of over 50%. In several of Afg...

Long Term Earnings Inequality, Earnings Instability and Temporary Employment in Spain: 1993–2000 This paper provides a longitudinal perspective on changes in Spanish male earnings inequality for the period 1993-2000, by decomposing the earnings covariance structure into its permanent and transitory parts. According to the Spanish sample of the European Community Household Panel, cross-sectional...

We develop a (noncooperative) game theoretic model for a decentralized setting wherein fringe farmers compete with a two-tier cooperative network involving network farmers and a coordinator. We examine the roles of the coordinator and profit sharing in allocating costs/benefits of externalities in enhancing network efficiency and stability. Our main finding is that using profit sharing based me...

This paper is devoted to the study of the existence, uniqueness, continuous dependence and spatial behaviour of the solutions for the backward in time problem determined by the Type III with two temperatures thermoelastodynamic theory. We first show the existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence of the solutions. Instability of the solutions for the Type II with two temperatures theory is ...

In the days immediately following the contested June 2009 Presidential election, Iranians attempting to reach news content and social media platforms were subject to unprecedented levels of the degradation, blocking and jamming of communications channels. Rather than shut down networks, which would draw attention and controversy, the government was rumored to have slowed connection speeds to ra...

Turing (1952) showed that under certain conditions, reaction and diffusion processes alone could lead to the symmetry-breaking instability (i.e., Turing instability) of a system (i.e., Turing system) from a homogeneous state to a stationary patterned state (Setayeshgar & Cross, 1999). Turing system can generate stationary patterns such as stripes and/or spots. Turing instability mechanism has p...

The prosthetic rehabilitation of an atrophic mandible is usually unsatisfactory due to the lack of support tissues, mainly bone and keratinized mucosa for treatment with osseointegrated implants or even conventional prosthesis. The prosthetic instability leads to social and functional limitations and chronic physical trauma decreasing the patient's quality of life. A 53-year-old female patient ...

Economy is demanding new models, able to understand and predict the evolution of markets. To this respect, Econophysics is offering models of markets as complex systems, such as the gas-like model, able to predict money distributions observed in real economies. However, this model reveals some technical hitches to explain the power law (Pareto) distribution, observed in individuals with high in...

Shortest path computation is one of the most fundamental operations for managing and analyzing graphs. A number of methods have been proposed to answer shortest path distance queries on static graphs. Unfortunately, there is little work on answering distance queries on dynamic graphs, particularly graphs with edge failures. Today’s real-world graphs, such as the social network graphs and web gr...