2 This study examines the reasons for customers engaging in long-term relational exchanges with service firms, as well as the impact of attractive alternatives and switching costs on such relationships in Eastern culture. The sample comprised respondents in Bangkok, Thailand who each completed a series of five questionnaires over a period of two weeks pertaining to their relational behaviour (t...

We extend some previous results of ours [1] on the error of the averaging method, in the one-frequency case. The new error estimates apply to any separating family of seminorms on the space of the actions; they generalize our previous estimates in terms of the Euclidean norm. For example, one can use as a separating family of seminorms the absolute values of the components of the actions: with ...

The paper explores the cultural rights accommodation by the state which has left many unresolved problems. The cultural rights sometimes violate the basic individual rights of the members inside the community like women. The paper further explicates certain cultural norms and practices which violates the rights of women inside the community in the name of culture. Keywords—Culture, Patriarchy, ...

The evolution of the concept of environmental discourses: is environmental ideologies a useful concept? Aliaksandr Novikau* Department of Politics and International Affairs, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, USA. Abstract The concept of environmental discourses currently has two distinct meanings in environmental politics. The first approach emphasizes its traditional meaning, as textual ...

This paper examines appropriateness of using educational technologies to increase the flexibility of learning in transnational higher education in South East Asia. It considers the argument that while interactive educational technologies may be appropriate in countries in which self-directed study and student autonomy are emphasised, the same uses of technology may not be as appropriate in Sout...

We consider the two well knownminimax and minisum single facility location problems in the plane 2 R which has been divided into two regions, 1 S and 2 S by a straight line. The two regions are measured by various norms. We focus on three special cases in which the regions 1 S and 2 S are measured by 1 l and p l norms, 1 l and block norms, two distinct block norms. Based on the properties of bl...

We show that for every positive p, the Lp-norm of linear combinations (with scalar or vector coefficients) of products of i.i.d. nonnegative random variables with the pnorm one is comparable to the lp-norm of the coefficients and the constants are explicit. As a result the same holds for linear combinations of Riesz products. We also establish the upper and lower bounds of the Lp-moments of par...

The measure that can evaluate step complexity of emergency operating procedures is developed. To verify appropriateness of developed measure, some comparative evaluations were performed. From these comparisons, it can be concluded that developed measure reasonably quantifies the degree of step complexity.

Participatory research is facing three challenges—how to deal with the theoretisation and conceptualisation of participation; how to support the research with analytical models; and how the evaluate the research outcomes. This article aims to address these three problems by distinguishing two main approaches (a sociological and a political) in participatory theory and developing a four-level an...