ARSENIC poisoning in livestock may be caused by arsenic trioxide (white arsenic), paris green, sodium arsenite, and sodium arsenate. Arsenic has been a common cause of accidental and criminal poisoning of animals because it often is used to kill insects, parasites, weeds, and rodents and as a tonic for animals. Arsenic compounds usually are palatable to animals, especially when they are hungry ...

Scylla serrata (Crustacea: Decapoda), which is widely spread on the intertidal mudflat of West Bengal, India's Sundarbans Biosphere Reserves, a potential aqua crop and an economically significant edible species. One larger crab groups in mangrove swamp thought to be this one. The S. serrata's multifaceted immune response directly tied its diverse habitat survival technique. It lives dangerous s...

A microtiter assay was developed for the improved detection of inorganic phosphate released from adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) in the glutamine synthetase biosynthetic assay. In this assay, ascorbic acid replaces the traditionally used ferrous sulfate to reduce the phosphomolybdate complex. As a result, increased color development, linearity, and sensitivity are achieved. Additionally, in the...

Phylogenetic analysis indicates that microbial arsenic metabolism is ancient and probably extends back to the primordial Earth. In microbial biofilms growing on the rock surfaces of anoxic brine pools fed by hot springs containing arsenite and sulfide at high concentrations, we discovered light-dependent oxidation of arsenite [As(III)] to arsenate [As(V)] occurring under anoxic conditions. The ...

Several growth factor- and calcium-regulated kinases such as pp90(rsk) or CaM kinase IV can phosphorylate the transcription factor serum response factor (SRF) at serine 103 (Ser-103). However, it is unknown whether stress-regulated kinases can also phosphorylate SRF. We show that treatment of cells with anisomycin, arsenite, sodium fluoride, or tetrafluoroaluminate induces phosphorylation of SR...

Ago (Argonaute) proteins are essential effectors of RNA-mediated gene silencing. To explore potential regulatory mechanisms for Ago proteins, we examined the phosphorylation of human Ago2. We identified serine-387 as the major Ago2 phosphorylation site in vivo. Phosphorylation of Ago2 at serine-387 was significantly induced by treatment with sodium arsenite or anisomycin, and arsenite-induced p...

It is well established that liver ischemia-reperfusion induces the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 70. However, the biological function of HSP70 in this injury is unclear. In this study, we sought to determine the role of HSP70 in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. Male mice were subjected to 90 min of partial hepatic ischemia followed by up to 8 h of reperfusion. HSP70 was rap...

Arsenic (atomic number, 33; relative atomic mass, 74.92) has chemical and physical properties intermediate between a metal and a nonmetal, and is often referred to as a metalloid or semi-metal. It belongs to Group VA of the Periodic Table, and can exist in four oxidation states: –3, 0, +3, and +5. Arsenite, AsIII, and arsenate, AsV, are the predominant oxidation states under, respectively, redu...