objective(s) bupropion is an atypical antidepressant that is widely used in smoke cessation under fda approval. the study of synaptic effects of bupropion can help to finding out its mechanism(s) for stopping nicotine dependence. in this study the effects of perinatal bupropion on the population spike (ps) amplitude of neonates were investigated. materials and methods hippocampal slices were pr...

Experiments have shown that the conductance of conical channels, filled with an aqueous electrolyte, can strongly depend on history applied voltage. These channels hence a memory and are promising elements in brain-inspired (iontronic) circuits. We show here such stems from transient concentration polarization over ionic diffusion time. derive analytic approximation for these dynamics which sho...

Changes in spike configuration and in the inward and outward currents of voltage-clamped axons agree in indicating that the increases in permeability to sodium and potassium ions during activity are depressed by procaine and cocaine and augmented by calcium. At low levels of depolarization, the effect of the multivalent ion is similar to that of the local anesthetics, in keeping with their simi...

effects of drought stress and chemical treatments was studied on growth and developmental traits of four barley cultivars using a split- split plot design (rcbd) in agricultural research farm, kerman university in 2013-14. main plots consisted of irrigation (control and drought stress after flowering), sub-plots consisted of four barley cultivars (ʻnosratʼ, ʻafsalʼ, ʻyousofʼ and ʻuh12 lineʼ) an...

3D models of the human thigh based on CT data or with simplified geometries are combined with a muscle fiber compartment model for analyzing how excitation depends on electrode position, stimulus strength and rehabilitation status. Assuming idealized conditions, excitation at a fiber ending obeys a quadratic current distance law whereas it is cubic elsewhere, resulting in easier central spike i...

Bats emit biosonar pulses in complex temporal patterns that change to accommodate dynamic surroundings. Efforts to quantify these patterns have included analyses of inter-pulse intervals, sonar sound groups, and changes in individual signal parameters such as duration or frequency. Here, the similarity in temporal structure between trains of biosonar pulses is assessed. The spike train similari...

to compare the yield and yield components of 10 promising dryland barley genotypes with a conventional cultivar (reihan03), a field experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design in miyaneh region in the 2010-2011 growing season, and their agronomic and morphological traits were recorded. genotypes were significantly different in terms of all the studied traits, and genoty...

to identify the high yielding lines with optimal characteristics, 40 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between ‘norstar’ (winter wheat) and ‘zagros’ (spring wheat) cultivars were examined using a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014 at the research station of faculty of agriculture, university of tabriz, iran. the measured characters consisted of peduncle...