utilization of fossil fuel for supplying of requires energy of desalination systems is common. on the other hand, solar energy is one of the high-grade energies in the world that can be found specifically in hot weather places. therefore, utilization of solar energy for operation of desalination systems will reduce greenhouse gases and is a good alternative way. common exergy analysis method (s...

A photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) hybrid collector evaporator was designed and developed to produce electrical energy extract thermal simultaneously from the panel using refrigerant circulated tubes. The absorbs heat photovoltaic panels during its phase change liquid vapour. PV-T evaporators deliver both electricity outputs. An R-32 refrigerant-based solar-assisted pump water heating system with a ...

INTRODUCTION Water quality is a frequently overlooked issue in the application of geothermal heat pump (GHP) systems. When considered at all, is often viewed as a problem unique to open loop systems. In residential open loop applications water is supplied directly to the heat pump’s refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger. If the water has a tendency to be scale forming, fouling of the heat exchang...

Dry areas near the sea can obtain fresh water through solar distillation of saline sea water resources. However, these solar distillation sites produce wastewater as a result of desalination of sea water with high salt concentration. Waste must be disposed of with the least effect on the receiving environment (sea, in most cases). Initial dilution and its characteristics play important roles in...

One of the major issues facing world in 21st century is climate change. However, sustainability has become a crucial concept to combat extreme consumption environmental resources. The bathroom been estimated be principal user resources United Kingdom households. Therefore, challenge that how combined water and energy saving unit will contribute houses remain unresolved. While use solar hot tech...

This paper studies planning problems for a group of heating systems which supply the hot water demand for domestic use in houses. These systems (e.g. gas or electric boilers, heat pumps or microCHPs) use an external energy source to heat up water and store this hot water for supplying the domestic demands. The latter allows to some extent a decoupling of the heat production from the heat demand...