one of the effective methods to improve the thermal efficiency of solar collectors is using nanofluids as the coolant. the present study experimentally investigated the effect of sio2/water nanofluid with 1% mass fraction on the performance of a symmetric collector, i.e. conical solar collector. the conical solar collector with 1 m2 area and normal to the earth was tested in ahvaz, a city in th...

Electric water heaters have the ability to store energy in their water buffer without impacting the comfort of the end user. This feature makes them a prime candidate for residential demand response. However, the stochastic and nonlinear dynamics of electric water heaters, makes it challenging to harness their flexibility. Driven by this challenge, this paper formulates the underlying sequentia...

Abstract Solar water heating systems have been widely used around the world. However, exposure to sunlight can overheat device, affecting efficiency and durability of system. This article proposes an adaptive deck controller that protects system from overheating without compromising availability domestic hot water. heaters are considered one most effective ways reduce a home’s carbon footprint....

Solar water heaters (SWHs) are one of the most effective plans for general and easy use solar energy to supply hot in domestic industrial sectors. This paper gives first-ever attempts assess optimal localization SWHs across 22 major cities Zambia, as well determine possibility generation model greenhouse gas (GHG) emission saving. The climate data used is extracted by using MeteoSyn software wh...

Controlling organic carbon levels in municipal water has been hypothesized to limit downstream growth of bacteria and opportunistic pathogens in premise plumbing (OPPPs). Here, the relationships between influent organic carbon (0-15,000 µg ozonated fulvic acid /L) and the number of total bacteria [16S rRNA genes and heterotrophic plate counts (HPCs)] and a wide range of OPPPs (gene copy numbers...

This paper proposes and analyses a new demand response technique for renewable energy regulation using smart hot water heaters that forecast water consumption at an individual dwelling level. Distributed thermal energy storage has many advantages, including high overall efficiency, use of existing infrastructure and a distributed nature. In addition, the use of a smart thermostatic controller e...