in order to determine the role of plant leaf area in radiation distribution within the canopy and a better understanding of how crops and weeds intercept light a study of the complexity of plants is necessary. the  effect of intercropping on leaf area distribution and dry matter accumulation in corn, soybean and weeds canopy was studied in a  field experiment at a research field of tehran unive...

A complete diet (Total Mixed ration) with sorghum stover (40%) as sole roughage source was prepared and offered to animals under two forms: as mash or as expanded-extruded pellets (EEP). These two complete diets were compared with a conventional diet (ad libitum chopped sorghum stover fed separately with concentrate mixture to meet 80% of protein requirements). These three diets were randomly a...

In order to determine the responses of morphological characteristics, yield and yield components of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) to plant density and weed interference duration, a factorial experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with 3 replications at the Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) in Rasht, in the 2008 growing season. The factors comprised plant density a...

A review of organic growers' concerns about weeds is presented and several issues that may ease those concerns are highlighted. The underlying principles of organic weed management (OWM) are briefly discussed and results from organic grower surveys regarding weed management practices in organic horticultural cropping are presented. The most common weeds encountered by organic growers, often tho...

in order to study different arrangements and weed controls effects on mung bean (vigna radiate l. wilczek) – black cumin (nigella sativa l.) intercropping an experiment was conducted at the research station of faculty of agriculture, ferdowsi university of mashhad, iran, during growing season 2005 – 2006. sixteen treatments comprising combinations of eight sowing patterns [a1: sole black cumin,...

to assess the radiation use efficiency (rue) of different rice cultivars under transplanting (tp) and direct-sowing (ds) systems and scrutiny of weed effect, a split-plot factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2011 at haraz extension and technology development center in mahmoudabad city, mazandaran. the main plots were two plant...

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) may be harmlessly intercropped with Urochloa species during the off-season in Brazilian Cerrado. At end of sorghum cycle, forages can used for straw production soybean (Glycine max L.) as summer crop. This study aimed to evaluate cultivated off-season, palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. ‘Marandu’ (Hochst. ex A. Rich). R. D. Webster) and Congo ruziziensi...

to assess the effect of non chemical management of weed control on forage sorghum (sorghum bicolor) a field study was conducted in varamin, iran during 2010 crop year in a three- replicated- split factorial experiment laid out in randomized complete block design with four weeding levels (w1= one time cultivation at 3-leaf stage using a duck foot cultivator, w2= two times cultivation at 3 and 5-...

This study was designed to quantitatively analyze the expression of thaumatin-like protein (TLP) at the transcriptional level in different sorghum lines when they were infested with greenbugs. Three sorghum lines, Tx7000, PI550607, and PI550610, were used. RNAs were isolated from the different sorghum lines that were infested with greenbugs at different infestation times. The resultant mRNA was...

Numerous plant species are considered weeds in agronomic cropping systems. Weeds have many attributes undesirable to crop producers, not the least being the ability to reduce crop yields through competition for resources such as sunlight, water, nutrients, and space. Weeds also may harbor insects and provide a host for certain plant pathogens. Some weed species, such as wild garlic and eastern ...