Maintaining and preserving fungal cultures are essential elements of systematics and biodiversity studies. Because fungi are such a diverse group, several methods of cultivation and preservation are required to ensure the viability and morphological, physiological, and genetic integrity of the cultures over time. The cost and convenience of each method, however, also must be considered. We enco...

The nitrogen behavior of superalloy melt GH4169 during the vacuum induction melting (VIM) process was clarified by using different proportions returned materials including block-shaped material, chip-shaped and pure to produce a high–purity provide guidance for purification melt. For removal VIM process, denitrification rate in refining period reached 10 ppm per hour on average, which is signif...

Porous structure of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) plays an important role in developing flexible graphene-based devices. In this work, we report a novel methodology for reduction of freestanding graphite oxide (GO) sheet by picosecond pulse laser direct writing in liquid nitrogen. Non-agglomerate and porous structure of rGO is fabricated successfully due to frozen effect during laser processing....