two new nano-sized lead(ii) and mercury(ii) coordination polymers, [pb(2-bpdh)(no3)2(h2o)]n(1); (2-bpdh = 2,5-bis(2-pyridyl)-3,4-diaza-2,4-hexadiene)} and [hg(4-bpdb)(scn)2]n (2); (4-bpdb= 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)-3,4-diaza-1,3-butadiene) were synthesized by a sonochemical method. the structure of 1 may be considered coordination polymer of lead(ii) and single crystal x–ray analysis of compound 2reve...

Numerical methods for the calculation of the acoustic field inside sonoreactors have rapidly emerged in the last 15 years. This paper summarizes some of the most important works on this topic presented in the past, along with the diverse numerical works that have been published since then, reviewing the state of the art from a qualitative point of view. In this sense, we illustrate and discuss ...

A comprehensive investigation of ultrasonic frequency and its role in sonochemical activity and sonoluminescence (SL) has been performed. SL spectra and intensity were examined at four frequencies (205, 358, 618, and 1071 kHz) and in the presence of varying argon and oxygen saturation ratios. A series of highenergy reactions induced by the extreme temperatures and pressures obtained within a mi...

In this work, elimination two types of organophosphorus pesticides, diazinon and malathion spiked in aqueous solution by ultrasonic irradiation was investigated. Six different initial concentrations of diazinon and malathion (100, 300, 500, 200, 400, and 600 μg/L respectively) at different pH (3, 7, 9) and time (30, 45, 60, 90, 105 min) were investigated. Results showed that diazinon and malath...

The influence of surface vibrations on the intensity of sonochemiluminescence (SCL) produced by pulsed ultrasound with a frequency of 151 kHz is investigated through optical measurement of the vibration amplitude. Pulsed ultrasound inhibits the generation of large degassing bubbles that restrict the efficient spatial region for sonochemical reaction. The vibration amplitude of the liquid surfac...

Computer simulations of bubble oscillations in water have revealed that characteristics of bubbles depend on types of sonochemical reactors. When the acoustic amplitude is large at 20 kHz, the bubble content when a bubble collapses is mostly water vapor and the temperature inside a bubble at the collapse is relatively low. On the other hand, when the acoustic amplitude is relatively low, the bu...

The physical principles underlying the oscillatory behavior of minute gas bubbles in liquids exposed to ultrasound are reviewed. Results from mathematical analyses suggest that these oscillations sometimes become unstable leading to transient cavitation in which a bubble violently collapses during a single acoustic half-cycle producing high temperatures and pressures. The role that micronuclei,...

In this study, hydroxyapatite (denoted as HAp) nanostructure with uniform morphologies, controllable size, nano-dispersion and narrow size distribution in diameter has been synthesized successfully by low-temperature hydrothermal process, and the as-synthesized powders were characterized by XRD, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission microscopy, FT-IR, Zetasizer and inductiv...

This paper describes the synthesis of mixed proteinaceous microspheres (MPMs) by the sonochemical method. The current fundamental research follows the research of Suslick and co-workers who have developed a method by which high-intensity ultrasound is used to make aqueous suspensions of proteinaceous microcapsules filled with water-insoluble liquids.1 By using high-intensity ultrasound, we have...