Fermentable carbohydrates (FC) are a major cost component and environmental burden in the production of biofuels bio-based commodity chemicals; consequently, FC determines economic feasibility performance chemicals. Producing with conventional technology without additional processing steps food-grade sugar can result low-cost industrial-grade fermentable that is competitive raw sugar. This stud...

Atrazine is a white, odorless powder (when pure) that is used as an herbicide to stop the growth of broadleaf and grassy weeds in crops such as corn, sugarcane, sorghum, pineapples, and macadamia nuts. It is not found naturally in the environment. It is moderately soluble in water, but is more soluble in organic solvents such as acetone, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. More than 37,000 tons of a...

Fumonisins are well known mycotoxins produced by Fusarium verticillioides, F. proliferatum and other Fusarium species. Many new fumonisins and fumonisin-like compounds have been detected by mass spectrometry in cultures of F. verticillioides. Recently, fumonisins B(2) and B(4) were produced by Aspergillus niger isolated from coffee and fumonisin B(2) in A. niger from grapes. Fumonisin B(2) was ...

Efficacy of thiamethoxam (Cruiser) and imidacloprid (Gaucho) were evaluated as seed treatments for controlling European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) and Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) larvae in stored grain. At approximately 22-26 degrees C, all fifth instar European corn borers died after two or 4 d of exposure to corn treated with 250 and 500 ppm thiamethoxam, resp...

The objective of the study was to provide a model to predict the uptake of arsenic and mercury by plants in response to coal combustion byproducts (CCB) application rates to soil, based on CCB/soil characteristics as determined by sequential extraction of the amended soil. Two greenhouse studies were conducted. The first study consisted of sorghum sudan grass, sunflower, and brake fern, an arse...

tices on agroecosystem functions is necessary to determine the sustainability of cropping systems. Agricultural sustainability is enhanced by management practices Performance-based indices have been used to assess that optimize the performance of multiple agroecosystem functions. the effects of management practices on agroecosystem The performance of western Corn Belt cropping systems was evalu...

The consumption of bioethanol as biofule may reduce greenhouse gases, gasoline imports. Also it can be replaced with lead or MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether) that are air and underground water pollutants, respectively. Plants are the best choice for meeting the projected bioethanol demands. For this scope, a comparative analysis of the technological options using different feedstocks should be pe...