The calculation of apparent resistivities, based on the model of a homogeneous half-space, is commonly the first step in Ž . order to evaluate helicopter electromagnetic HEM data. Due to the increase in frequencies used in HEM systems, survey results are not only displayed as apparent resistivity maps but also as cross-sections that require resistivity and depth information. After a brief descr...

We present an open source 3-D, MATLAB based, resistivity inversion package. The package uses a finite volume discretization to solve the forward partial differential equation. We include a highly efficient approach to reducing boundary effects and source electrode singularities. Solving of the forward problem is achieved by using a preconditioned bi-conjugate stabilized gradient method. For the...

The behavior in magnetic fields of a highly correlated electron liquid approaching the fermion condensation quantum phase transition from the disordered phase is considered. We show that at sufficiently high temperatures T ≥ T ∗(x) the effective mass starts to depend on T , M∗ ∝ T−1/2. This T−1/2 dependence of the effective mass at elevated temperatures leads to the non-Fermi liquid behavior of...

When measuring I-V characteristics and carrier lifetimes in quasi-steady-state QSS conditions, it is important to consider the time dependence of the charge due to excess carriers within the device. This paper shows that the space-charge region present in pn-junction devices and in many lifetime test structures can produce a significant capacitive effect when measuring the low voltage and low c...

Magnetic and Electrical Resistivity Study of Electroless Amorphous Ternary System (Ni-Co-P) show a qualitative dependence of crystalline phases formed during transformation on the annealing temperature and composition. Electrical Resistivity values increases with increase in cobalt content and samples with higher resistivity show lower temperature coefficients. The Initial increase in magnetiza...

Titanium is a highly reactive metal so that a thin layer of oxide forms on its surface whenever exposed to the air or other environments containing oxygen. This layer increases the corrosion resistance of titanium. The oxide film is electrochemically formed through anodizing. In this study, anodizing of titanium was performed in phosphate-base solutions such as H3Po4, NaH2Po4, and Na2Hpo4 at 9....

[1] Direct estimation of groundwater solute concentrations from geophysical tomograms has been only moderately successful because (1) reconstructed tomograms are often highly uncertain and subject to inversion artifacts, (2) the range of subsurface conditions represented in data sets is incomplete because of the paucity of colocated well or core data and aquifer heterogeneity, and (3) geophysic...

the bft approach is used to formulate the electronic states in graphene through a non-commutative space in the presence of a constant magnetic field b for the first time. in this regard, we introduce a second class of constrained system, which is not gauge symmetric but by applying bft method and extending phase space, the second class constraints  converts  to the first class constraints so th...