Over the last decade, microbes have been engineered for the manufacture of a variety of biofuels. Saturated linear-chain alcohols have great potential as transport biofuels. Their hydrocarbon backbones, as well as oxygenated content, confer combustive properties that make it suitable for use in internal combustion engines. Herein, we compared the microbial production and combustion characterist...

The engine manufacturer has aimed to attain optimum values for engines operating different loads and speeds by utilizing the characteristics of both spark-ignition having a ready combustion control compression ignition resulting in low emissions, fuel consumption and, high output power years. In this regard, efforts on improvement performance, thermal efficiency have been constantly continuing ...

Ignition and flame stabilisation have been simulated in a turbulent, bluff body stabilised spray flame. A complete first order Conditional Moment Closure (CMC) model for spray combustion is presented, as well as CMC modelling for spark ignition. The new elements of the two phase model formalism and the spark ignition models are illustrated using a one dimensional spray ignition example. It is s...

Abstract Energy consumption and pollutant emission aspects were ascertained for cars under traffic conditions: in cities, outside on motorways expressways, with the use of data from inventory emissions road transport Poland 2018. The values characteristics energy model conditions, as well internal combustion engines electric motors, constituted basis further analyses conclusions about vehicles ...

the preparation of air–fuel mixture is considerably dependent on fluid flow dynamics to achieve improved performance, efficiency, and engine combustion in the appearance of flow. in this study, the effects of mixtures of hydrogen and compressed natural gas (cng) on a spark ignition engine are numerically considered. this article presents the results of a direct-injection engine using methane–hy...

Introduction Gasifying biomass to produce a combustible gas provides the possibility for much more efficient overall conversion of a given biomass resource into electric power than is possible with traditional combustion-based technologies. In particular, gasified biomass can be used to power internal combustion engines (ICEs), gas turbines, and fuel cells, all of which are able to produce elec...

Legislations for greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions from light-duty vehicles are pushing the spark ignition engine to be cleaner more efficient. As one of promising solutions, enhancing energy shows great potential in simultaneously mitigating combustion knock enabling lean-burn operation. Featured with distributed sites, pre-chamber systems large or small volumes, auxiliary no fueling, ori...

Nowadays, downsizing is a major way to reduce fuel consumption and pollutant emissions of Spark Ignition (SI) engines. In downsized engines, new air path management systems such as turbocharging or Variable Camshaft Timing (VCT) are including, and an efficient control of the air actuators is required for engine torque control. Two non-linear estimators are proposed to estimate non-measured vari...