Take a big gulp of pox A poxvirus tricks cells into drinking it up, say Jason Mercer and Ari Helenius (Institute of Biochemistry, Zurich). Vaccinia, studied here, is a prototypical poxvirus, whose members also include the human smallpox virus. In studying how vaccinia enters cells, the authors observed that mature virus particles bound to fi lopodia and surfed toward the cell. After arriving at...

BACKGROUND: Some of metal ions as environmental pollutants show estrogenic activity. This xenostrogenic compounds can be caused carcinogenicity in organs. The mechanism of carcinogenicity of metal ions is not clarified. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we investigated the Transcriptional effects of variety of metal ions on the bovine oxytocin and the thymidine kinase-ERE promoter by estrogen receptor...

background : production of monoclonal antibodies to leishmania antigens assists the identification and characterization of these organisms. objective: production of monoclonal antibodies against epitopes on the gp63. methods: two murine monoclonal antibodies to gp63 were produced and characterized. the reactions of both antibodies with soluble leishmanial antigens, purified gp63 and truncated r...

In this paper, the nonlinear transient vibration of a cylindrical shallow panel under lateral white noise excitation is studied. The panel is in contact with a non aging viscoelastic medium. Since the external load is a time varying random wide band process, deterministic and conventional approaches cannot be used. Instead, the evolution of the probability density function of the response is in...

Rabbits sensitized to horse serum developed a bacteremia of 9 to 12 hours' duration when they were inoculated simultaneously with normal horse serum and a strain of Streptococcus hemolyticus, while the bacteria could only be isolated from the blood stream of non-sensitized animals within the first 3 hours after inoculation. On the other hand, when antisera are employed as the antigen for shocki...

tics are involuntary, sudden rapid, recurrent, non-rhytmic, and stereotyped motor movements or vocalizations. tics may be transient or persistent. they often cause impairment in social, inter personal, educational, and vocational functions of people. tic disorders may be accompanied by distractibiliy, impulsivity, restlessness, and obsessive – compulsive symptoms. tourette's disorder is on...

Recently, many small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) with important regulatory roles have been identified in bacteria. As their eukaryotic counterparts, a major class of bacterial trans-encoded sRNAs acts by basepairing with target mRNAs, resulting in changes in translation and stability of the mRNA. RNA interference (RNAi) has become a powerful gene silencing tool in eukaryotes. However, such an effec...

Tubular cell apoptosis is a major phenotype of cell death in various forms of acute kidney injury. Quantifying apoptosis in fixed tissues is problematic because apoptosis evolves over time and dead cells are rapidly cleared by the phagocytic system. Phiphilux is a fluorescent probe that is activated specifically by caspase 3 and does not inhibit the subsequent activity of this effector caspase....