We show that the chemical structures of silicone oils can have an important role in the giant electrorheological (GER) effect. The interaction between silicone oils and solid nanoparticles is found to significantly influence the ER effect. By increasing the kinematic viscosity of silicone oils, which is a function of siloxane chain length, sol-like, gel-like and clay-like appearances of the con...

Economic research on industry location and agglomeration has focused nearly exclusively on manufacturing. This paper shows that services are prominent among the most agglomerated industries, especially at the county level. Because traditional measures of knowledge spillovers, natural resource inputs, and labor pooling explain little of agglomeration in services industries, this paper takes an a...

We study the packing fraction of clusters in free-falling streams spherical and irregularly shaped particles using flash X-ray radiography. The estimated is low enough to correspond coordination numbers less than 6. Such numerical simulations aggregates that collide grow without bouncing. Moreover, irregular evolved faster formed larger sizes with lower fraction. This result on granular suggest...

Calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) is expressed in sandalwood (Santalum album L.) seeds under developmental regulation, and it is localized with spherical storage organelles in the endosperm [Anil et al. (2000) Plant Physiol. 122: 1035]. This study identifies these storage organelles as oil bodies. A 55 kDa protein associated with isolated oil bodies, showed Ca(2+)-dependent autophosphoryl...

In Haiti, wood and wood charcoal are common fuels for cooking. This practice has contributed to deforestation, leading to erosion and fatal floods. The availability of charcoal made from a different source other than wood, such as agricultural waste, might provide Haitians with an alternative, more sustainable fuel, which in turn may reduce fuel prices. MIT students have developed various metho...

This paper describes a microfluidic device for the microencapsulation of cells in alginate beads to enhance cell viability. The alginate droplet including cells was gelified with calcified oleic acid, using two-phase microfluidics. The on-chip gelation had generated monodisperse spherical alginate beads, which could not be readily obtained via conventional external gelation in a calcium chlorid...

Agglomeration processes in non-interacting particle systems can be understood from a thermodynamic point of view. If the enthalpy of agglomeration is negligible, the distribution of agglomeration states adopts the state of highest entropy. Herein, we provide the exact analytical solution to the mole fractions of agglomerates comprising i monomers, xi =2-i .

Tax competition for a mobile factor is different in ‘new economic geography settings’ compared to standard tax competition models. The agglomeration rent which accrues to the mobile factor in the core region can be taxed. Moreover, a tax differential between the core and the periphery can be maintained. The present paper reexamines this issue in a setting which, in addition to the core-peripher...

To obtain information on formation mechanisms of dust particles of nm in size in fusion devices, in-situ collection of dust particles produced due to interaction between graphite target as plasma facing materials and the plasmas was carried out in a helicon discharge chamber and in Large Helical Device (LHD). Dust particles produced in the helicon discharges are made of carbon and can be classi...

Understanding the agglomeration of dust particles in complex plasmas requires knowledge of basic properties such as the net electrostatic charge and dipole moment of the dust. In this study, dust aggregates are formed from gold-coated mono-disperse spherical melamine-formaldehyde monomers in a radiofrequency (rf) argon discharge plasma. The behavior of observed dust aggregates is analyzed both ...