Model updating concerns the modification of an existing but inaccurate model with measured data. For models characterized by quadratic pencils, the measured data usually involve incomplete knowledge of natural frequencies, mode shapes, or other spectral information. In conducting the updating, it is often desirable to match only the part of observed data without tampering with the other part of...

The issue of whether adaptations to past disasters can impede adaptation to new disasters of a different type or intensity will be analyzed by examining the transition from frequent hurricanes to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in coastal Louisiana. In particular, the effects of changed regulatory structures from the Stafford Act to the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 in response to the Deepwater Hor...

Using the constituent elements of vulnerability, an evaluation index system for the ecological vulnerability of coastal areas under oil spill stress is established based on “Sensitivity–Adaptive Capacity-Exposure”. After selecting a gulf in China as the main case study in this work, the cluster analysis and reference method were applied in grading and value assigning for all indexes. In additio...

As the oil spill models are usually based on the sea surface and few researches are for submarine oil spill nowadays, the simulation for submarine pipeline oil spill is discussed by FLUENT to forecast the trajectory of oil. The coupling of pressure and velocity under unsteady-state condition is solved by pressure implicit with splitting of operator’s algorithm and the boundary condition of nonl...

The spreading of oil in an open ocean may cause serious damage to a marine environmental system. Thus, an accurate prediction of oil spill is very important to minimize coastal damage due to unexpected oil spill accident. The movement of oil may be represented with a numerical model that solves an advection-diffusion-reaction equation with a proper numerical scheme. In this study, the spilled o...

The primary objective of this research was to determine the relationship between operational variables and oil spill recovery rates, by performing a full-scale oil spill recovery test using an oleophilic drum skimmer. Prototype interchangeable oleophilic skimmer drums with aluminum, polyethylene and Neoprene surfaces were fabricated and tested at the field scale at the Ohmsett-National Oil Spil...

A wide variety of chemicals are shipped in bulk world-wide, raising concerns regarding the ecological and human health risks of spills of hazardous materials. A screening analysis was performed, using the chemical spill model CHEMMAP to estimate the expected fate and concentrations of chemical in water resulting from a spill into a large estuary and the potential ecological hazards to aquatic b...

A scenario-specific modeling of oil blowout from the Khark island pipelines in the Persian Gulf has been carried out to evaluate the environmental impact of oil spill on the local coast, seabed and prawns. Also, various scenarios for response actions have been considered. The analyses have been performed by SINTEF Oil Spill Contingency and Response (OSCAR), a 3-dimensional model system. At the ...

This paper uses village and household survey data from South India to examine how political geography and politician identity impacts on public good provision. We provide evidence that the nature of this relationship varies by type of public goods. For high spill-over public goods residential proximity to elected representative matters. In contrast, for low spill-over public goods sharing the p...

We report on the results of a large-scale contingent valuation (CV) study conducted after the Exxon Valdez oil spill to assess the harm caused by it. Among the issues considered are the design features of the CV survey, its administration to a national sample of U.S. households, estimation of household willingness to pay to prevent another Exxon Valdez type oil spill, and issues related to reli...