background: over the years, various types of orthoses have been designed to assist subjects with spinal cord injury (sci) to stand and walk. however, the functional performance of the orthoses has not been adequate, that is, patients experience stability problems, consume excessive energy during ambulation, and generally require assistance in donning and doffing the devices. this research is ai...

background: post? and intra?operative  shivering is one of the most complications of spinal anesthesia so recommend a suitable drug with at least complications for prevention and control of postoperative shivering. this current study aimed to compare the preventive effect of  hydrocortisone on intra? and post?operative shivering in patients undergoing surgery with spinal anesthesia. materials a...

background: although a variety of methods have been suggested to reduce stress, anxiety and pain intensity due to spinal needle skin puncture, their adverse effects restrict theirs widespread administration. in this study we evaluated the effects of oral tizanidine on the reduction of pain caused by spinal needle puncture and hemodynamic responses. methods : in this double blind randomized clin...

the aim of this study was to assess the effect of spinal block with low dose of bupivacaine and sufentanil on patients with low cardiac output who underwent lower limb surgery. fifteen patients who had ejection fraction less than 40% (group 1) were compared with 65 cases with ejection fraction more than 40% (group 2) in our study. our subjects underwent spinal block with 7.5 mg hyperbaric bupiv...

myelography is a diagnostic procedure to indicate spinal defects. after the inception of new means of spinal cord imaging, use of myelography has been limited. since there are contraindications for other modalities in some patients, we have to use myelography. the most common complication of myelography is post myelography headache (pmh). many methods have been proposed to alleviate the pain. i...

abstract background: patient satisfaction with the cosmetic result of spinal fusion surgery was studied in 40 cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. neutral or dissatisfied patients were compared with satisfied patients in several physical and psychological characteristics. the aim of the study was to determine whether adolescents generally report satisfaction with the postoperative appearan...

a b s t r a c tintroduction: because of more exposure to mercury compounds, the prenatal and postnatal neurotoxic effects of mercury compounds have gained more attention in last decade. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mercuric chloride intoxication on spinal cord development during prenatal period. methods: 36 adult sprague-dawley rats after observing vaginal mating plaq...

the overall goal of this study was to identify the appropriate biomaterials able to facilitate the regeneration in rat's injured adult spinal cord. acute damage to axons is manifested as a breach in their membranes, ionexchange distortion across the compromised region, local depolarization and even conduction block. it would be of particular importance to interrupt the progress of events h...

background: spinal cord injury (sci) occurs most often to young men at the peak of their reproductive health. only 10% of sci men can father children without medical assistance due to potential impairments in ejaculation and sperm quality. objective: the main objective of this experimental study was to evaluate the epididymal necrospermia- sperm death, after chronic sci in rat. materials and me...

background: spinal cord injury (sci) stimulates an inflammatory reaction that causes substantial secondary damage inside the injured spinal tissue. the purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) on traumatized spinal cord. methods: rats were randomly divided into four groups of 12 rats each as follow: sham-operated group, trauma group...