Underlying physical mechanisms controlling the noise properties of oscillators are studied. This treatment shows the importance of inductance selection for oscillator noise optimization. A design strategy centered around an inductance selection scheme is executed using a practical graphical optimization method to optimize phase noise subject to design constraints such as power dissipation, tank...

This work introduces a tool for the optimization of CMOS integrated spiral inductors. The main objective of this tool is to offer designers a first approach for the determination of the inductor layout parameters. The core of the tool is a Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimization procedure where technology constraints on the inductor layout parameters are considered. Further constraints regarding in...

Recently, spiral inductors have widely been used instead of resistors in the design of matching circuits to enhance the thermal noise performance of a wireless transceiver. However, such elements usually have low quality factor (Q) and may encounter the self-resonance in microwave-frequency band which permits its use in higher frequencies, and on the other hand, they occupy the large on-chip sp...

A 23.8-GHz tuned amplifier is demonstrated in a partially scaled 0.1m silicon-on-insulator CMOS technology. The fully integrated three-stage amplifier employs a common-gate, source–follower, and cascode with on-chip spiral inductors and MOS capacitors. The gain is 7.3 dB, while input and output reflection coefficients are 45 and 9.4 dB, respectively. Positive gain is exhibited beyond 26 GHz. Th...

—A 48 GHz fully integrated two stages power amplifier (PA) for mm-wave application is presented in this paper. The PA is implemented in 90 nm LP CMOS technology with Cascode topology to enhance gain and stability. The single ended PA achieves around 15 dB small signal gain, 4.5 dBm saturated output power and a peak power added efficiency of 9% in measurement. Patterned ground shield coplanar tr...

This paper provides an effective method for parameter extraction of microelectronic devices and elements. A novel method, memetic differential evolution (MDE) algorithm, is proposed in this paper. By combining differential evolution (DE) algorithm, mutations in immune algorithm (IA), and special operators for parameter extraction, MDE possesses characteristics of high accuracy, stability, gener...

Inductor with gradual changed metal width and space by good design can get better Q factor than the inductor with fixed metal width and space. In this paper, a simple wide-band inductor model is presented considering both the increase of resistance and the decrease of inductance due to the skin and proximity effects. This model has been verified with simulation and the experimental results of s...

A low-power 435-MHz differential low-noise amplifier with on-chip spiral inductors was implemented in a 0.5-μm standard CMOS process. The LNA is intended for use in a low-power low-IF receiver under development for deep space communication. Current reuse technique is employed for lowpower operation. Low-noise layout techniques are used to improve the noise performance. Design trade-offs to achi...

A RF voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) employs an onchip, high-Q, three-dimensional (3-D) coil inductor and micromachined variable capacitor for frequency tuning. Unlike conventional spiral inductors, the 3-D inductor minimizes the substrate loss and achieves a record Q of 30 at 1 GHz. The micromachined variable capacitor achieves a 15% tuning range with a nominal 2pF capacitance and a Q valu...

A low-power, high-gain CMOS low noise amplifier (LNA) for use as the first stage of a subsampling receiver is proposed. The performance of +96-dB voltage gain and less than 1-dB Noise Figure (NF) with very low power consumption is reported for the first time and makes it suitable for subsampling mixer with Track and Hold (T/H) circuit. The LNA contains both tuned and inductorless amplifier stag...