Among the new generation photovoltaics, perovskite solar cell (PSC) technology reached top efficiencies in a few years. Currently, main objective to further develop PSCs is related fabrication of stable devices with cost-effective materials and reliable processes achieve possible industrialization pathway. In n-i-p device configuration, hole transporting material (HTM) used most highly doped or...

indole is a nitrogen-containing heterocycle. it is a very important motif in agriculture and pharmacy. many compounds containing indole moiety has been isolated form nature. it is also an important part in natural alkaloids. tryptophan is an amino acid which posses indole. 3-sustituted indoles are the main group of its derivatives. because the wide-spread application of 3-substituted indolic co...

Four high triplet organic semi-conductors based on the donor-spiro-acceptor design (D-spiro-A) have been synthesized. Their physicochemical and photophysical properties have been studied, compared and discussed in light of the nature of their respective donor/acceptor units. The four compounds have been used as host materials in efficient sky-blue (EQE 4 10% at 10 mA cm ) phosphorescent organic...

In the title spiro-indeno-quinoxaline compound, C(22)H(14)N(6)O·C(2)H(6)O, the five-membered ring of the indene unit and the pyran ring are perpendicular [89.11 (3)°]. In the crystal, N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds connect the spiro-indeno-quinoxaline mol-ecules, and the ethanol solvent mol-ecules complete the hydrogen-bond network via O-H⋯N and N-H⋯O inter-actions.

A series of functionalized spiro[indoline-3,2'-oxiran]-2-ones was efficiently synthesized by Darzens reaction of phenacyl bromides with isatins both with N-alkyl groups and without N-substituent in the presence of potassium carbonate as a base catalyst. When two equivalents phenacyl bromides were used in the reaction, the N-substitution reaction of isatin also finished with the formation of spi...

The title compound, C(35)H(35)ClN(4)O(3), resulted from a spiro-lactam ring closure of rhodamine B dye. The xanthene ring system is approximately planar [r.m.s. deviation = 0.050 (9) Å for the xanthene ring]. The dihedral angles formed by the spiro-lactam and 5-chloro-2-hy-droxy-benzene rings with the xanthene ring system are 87.9 (7) and 79.1 (7)°, respectively.

in this work, a green, simple and highly efficient procedure for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes is described. the condensation of indoles with carbonyl compounds catalyzed by citric acid in water affords bis(indolyl)methanes in high yields and relatively short reaction times. the advantages of this method are using of water as a low cost solvent and efficient recyclability of the catalyst.

We show that FRET between Pacific Blue (PB) and Alexa488 (A488) covalently attached to a DNA scaffold can be reversibly controlled by photochromic switching of a spiropyran derivative. With the spiropyran in the closed spiro isomeric form, FRET occurs freely between PB and A488. UV-induced isomerization to the open merocyanine form shuts down the FRET process by efficient quenching of the PB ex...

A highly selective cascade reaction that allows the direct transformation of dienallenes to spirocyclobutenes (spiro[3.4]octenes) as single isomers has been developed. The reaction involves formation of overall four C-C bonds and proceeds via a palladium-catalyzed oxidative transformation with insertion of olefin, olefin, and carbon monoxide. Under slightly different reaction conditions an addi...

In the title compound, C20H18ClN3O3, the five- and six-membered heterocycles fused through a spiro C atom are inclined to each other at an angle of 87.4 (1)°. In the tricyclic ring system, the cyclo-hexene ring adopts an envelope conformation with the spiro atom as the flap. In the crystal, two sets of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into columns containing centrosymmetric R 2 (2)(7) r...