Spin interferometry of the 4th order for independent polarized as well as unpolarized photons arriving simultaneously at a beam splitter and exhibiting spin correlation while leaving it, is formulated and discussed in the quantum approach. Beam splitter is recognized as a source of genuine singlet photon states. Also, typical nonclassical beating between photons taking part in the interference ...

A three-core polarization splitter based on a square-lattice photonic-crystal fiber is presented. The component separates the input field into two orthogonally polarized beams that are coupled to the horizontal and vertical output ports. The splitter has been designed through modal and beam propagation analysis by employing high-performance codes based on the finite-element method. Results obta...

Based on inspiration from multi-mode interference self-imaging and theoretical FDTD simulations, a 1x3 beam splitter was designed, fabricated and characterized. Measurements show that for TE-polarized incident light the power is distributed equally between the output ports within 1dB in the range from 1541nm to 1552nm, and the total transmission of the 1x3 splitter is equal to the corresponding...

The present insight into plasmon effects on the nanoscale seems sufficiently advanced to allow the development of surface-plasmon-polariton- (SPP-) based optical devices. Therefore quantitative information describing SPP phenomena is required. We investigate a SPP beam splitter constituted by silver nanoparticles on a silver thin film, fabricated by electron-beam lithography. We acquire quantit...

As a function of circular polarization beam splitter (CPBS), combining linear with quarter-wave plate results in error fiber-optic circuit. To relieve the error, chiral dual-core photonic crystal fiber (DC-PCF) is investigated as kind an efficient by using plane-wave expansion (PWE) method. On basis competitive effect and coupling length between asymmetry structure chirality medium, effects are...

Let R be a subring of Q and recall from [3] that an R-module G is a splitter if ExtR(G,G) = 0. We correct the statement of Main Theorem 1.5 in [3]. Assuming CH any א1-free splitter of cardinality א1 is free over its nucleus as shown in [3]. Generally these modules are very close to being free as explained below. This change follows from [3] and is due to an incomplete proof (noticed thanks to P...

We propose an ultracompact high-efficiency polarizing beam splitter that operates over a wide wavelength range and is based on a hybrid photonic crystal and a conventional waveguide structure. Within a small area (15 microm x 10 microm), this polarizing beam splitter separates TM- and TE-polarized modes into orthogonal output waveguides. Results of simulations with the two-dimensional finite-di...

A log splitter is a gasoline- or diesel-powered machine that uses a hydraulic-powered cutting wedge to do the work of an axe. Log-splitter injuries that do not result in amputation of digits or limbs are uncommon and not well described in the literature. We present a unique case of a patient who sustained a log-splitter injury that resulted in thrombosis of the radial artery and avulsion lacera...

We introduce a novel polarizing beam splitter that uses the anisotropic spectral reflectivity (ASR) characteristics of a high spatial frequency multilayer binary grating. By combining the form birefringence effect of a high spatial frequency grating with the resonant reflectivity of a periodic multilayer structure, the ASR characteristics for the two orthogonal linear polarizations are obtained...