Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) increases lipogenesis at the transcriptional level, and its expression is upregulated by liver X receptor a (LXRa). The LXRa/ SREBP-1c signaling may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We previously reported that a cholesterol metabolite, 5-cholesten-3b,25-diol 3-sulfate (25HC3S), inhibits t...

This study was conducted to investigate the fermentation characteristics and anti-obesity effects of acetic acid products coffee wine. The live cell counts, soluble solids, pH total acidity unfermented wine (AUFCW; day 0, before fermentation) were 6.35 log CFU/mL, 8.10 °Brix, 3.88, 1.29%, respectively, while fermented (AFCW; 15, after 4.40 8.57 3.07, 7.45%, respectively. Pancreatic lipase inhib...

Delta6 desaturase (D6D), the rate-limiting enzyme for highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) synthesis, is induced by essential fatty acid-deficient diets. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) in part mediates this induction. Paradoxically, D6D is also induced by ligands of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha). Here, we report a novel physiological role ...

Hepatic lipid synthesis is known to be regulated by food consumption. In rodents fasting decreases the synthesis of cholesterol as well as fatty acids. Refeeding a high carbohydrateylow fat diet enhances fatty acid synthesis by 5to 20-fold above the fed state, whereas cholesterol synthesis returns only to the prefasted level. Sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription...

Betaine has previously been demonstrated to protect the liver against alcohol‑induced fat accumulation. However, the mechanism through which betaine affects alcohol‑induced hepatic lipid metabolic disorders has not been extensively studied. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of betaine on alcoholic simple fatty liver and hepatic lipid metabolism disorders. A total of 36 rats were...

Obesity is frequently associated with systemic insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and hyperlipidemia. Impaired insulin action in muscle and paradoxical diet/insulin-dependent overproduction of hepatic lipids are important components of obesity, but their pathogenesis and inter-relationships between muscle and liver are uncertain. We studied two murine obesity models, moderate high-fat-fee...

The livers of insulin-resistant, diabetic mice manifest selective insulin resistance, suggesting a bifurcation in the insulin signaling pathway: Insulin loses its ability to block glucose production (i.e., it fails to suppress PEPCK and other genes of gluconeogenesis), yet it retains its ability to stimulate fatty acid synthesis (i.e., continued enhancement of genes of lipogenesis). Enhanced li...

The transcription factor sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1c is intimately involved in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. To investigate whether mutations in this gene might contribute to insulin resistance, we screened the exons encoding the aminoterminal transcriptional activation domain in a cohort of 85 unrelated human subjects with severe insulin resistance. T...