An integrative conflict analysis approach, incorporating an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) based preference ranking method into the Graph Model for Conflict Resolution (GMCR), is employed to investigate the Canadian west coast port congestion dispute. The Canadian west coast has historically been an important gateway connecting North America to Asia thanks to its specific geographical and str...

The displacement pattern of the serra, Scomberomorus brasiliensis, in North-eastern Brazil was analyzed from landing data recorded form the fleet fishing serra. Serra fishery has two seasons: from Septemer to February (demersal species plus serra), and from March to August (almost only large amounts of serra). S. brasilienisis relative abundance increases similarly along the coast from March. b...

North American birds that feed on flying insects are experiencing steep population declines, particularly long-distance migratory populations in the northern breeding range. We determine, for the first time, the level of migratory connectivity across the range of a songbird using direct tracking of individuals, and test whether declining northern populations have higher exposure to agricultural...

The damage scale and damage area in the coast have been increased dramatically because of calamities such as typhoon, tidal wave, flood and storm. Especially, 409 cases, which reach to about 40.9% of natural disasters of 1,000 cases for the recent 15 years have happened on coast area. More than 40% of natural disasters also occurred every year is happening in coastland. Therefore, there is a gr...

Growing human population adds to the natural nitrogen loads to coastal waters. Both anthropogenic and natural nitrogen is readily incorporated in new biomass, and these different nitrogen sources may be traced by the measurement of the ratio of stable nitrogen isotopes (δ(15)N). In this study δ(15)N was determined in two species of macroalgae (Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus), and in ...

Differences among populations in the intensity of sexual selection resulting from distinct genetic mating systems can lead to divergent morphological evolution and speciation. However, little is known about how genetic mating systems vary between populations and what factors may contribute to this variation. In this study, we compare the genetic mating systems of two geographically distinct pop...

A new endemic species of Volutidae, Lyria (Lyria) ogasawarana sp. nov. is described from Chichijima Island, Ogasawara Islands, Japan. This new species is similar to the other Pacific Lyria: L. (Lyria) cassidula cassidula (Reeve, 1849), L. (Lyria) deliciosa (Montrousier, 1859), L. (Lyria) pattersonia (Perry, 1811) and L. (Lyria) insignata (Iredale, 1940). These different populations of closely r...

Site selection of ocean current power generation is usually based on numerical ocean calculation models. In this study however, the selection near the coast of East Asia is optimally from the Surface Velocity Program (SVP) data using the bin average method. Japan, Vietnam, Taiwan, and Philippines have suitable sites for the development of ocean current power generation. In these regions, the av...

Mussel shells from central California coastal archaeological sites record changes in sea surface temperatures in the past 2000 years, Water temperatures, inferred from oxygen isotopes in the shells, were about 1°C cooler than present and stable between 2000 and 700 yr ago, Between about 700 and 500 yr ago, seasonal variation was greater than present, with extremes above and below historic level...

Coral microatolls from the coast and outer-arc islands of Western Sumatra retain a stratigraphic and morphologic record of relative sea-level change, which is due in large part to vertical tectonic deformation above the Sumatran subduction zone. Low water levels, whose fluctuations produce measurable changes in coral morphology, limit the upward growth of the microatolls. Annual rings, derived ...