The takeover time is the expected number of iterations of some selection method until a population consists entirely of copies of the best individual under the assumption that only one best individual is contained in the initial population. This quantity may be used to assess and compare the ‘selection pressures’ of selection methods used in evolutionary algorithms. Here, the notion is generali...

This paper deals with a robust stage structured predator–prey model with Beddington– DeAngelis-type functional response. The proposed mathematical model consists of a system of three nonlinear ordinary differential equations to stimulate the interactions between prey population, juvenile predators and adult predator population. The positivity, boundedness and the conditions for uniform persiste...

The nature realizes stable biodiversity, even though it escapes naive theoretical predictions. Coexistence of competing species is known to be facilitated by, for example, structured populations, heterogeneous individuals, and heterogeneous environments, which in one way or another allow different species to survive in a segregated manner. In reality, individuals disperse and interact with each...