A new method for computing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of magnetic resonance images is presented. The proposed method is a "difference of images" based technique where two images are produced from one acquisition in which the readout direction field of view (FOV) and matrix size are doubled compared to the phase encode direction. Two "normal" unaliased FOV images are produced by splitting (...

Summed area tables, also known as integral images, allow image averaging to be performed very efficiently at a small fixed cost per pixel, independent of averaging filter size. Repeated filtering with averaging filters can be used to approximate Gaussian filtering. Thus a good approximation to Gaussian filtering can be achieved at a fixed cost per pixel independent of filter size. This note des...

Previous research has confirmed that the distribution of bids for construction auctions can be reasonably modeled with Lognormal distribution. The location parameter this (the mean μ) been found to have a good linear correlation bidders’ cost estimates. However, scale (standard deviation bids, σ) remains noticeably difficult anticipate. By analyzing 13 auction datasets, hard evidence is provide...

OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation and concordance between end-tidal carbon dioxide and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure, and confirm the experience of the general consensus among service environments. DESIGN A prospective cross-sectional analysis. SETTING Two respiratory service units in Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred respiratory patients were recruited, in whom 219 sets o...

To do that, randomly split the training data into ten equal-sized disjoint sets. For each value of the polynomial degree, d = 1, 2, 3, 4, plot the average cross-validation error plus or minus one standard deviation as a function of C (let the other parameters of polynomial kernels in libsvm, γ and c, be equal to their default values 1). Report the best value of the trade-off constant C measured...

BACKGROUND Single-donor platelets (SDPs) are frequently preferred over pooled random-donor platelets (RDPs) to reduce donor exposures and the risk for virus transmission or HLA alloimmunization. Transfusion-associated virus-transmission risks have significantly decreased, which suggests that white cell reduction by filtration eliminates any difference in the risk of alloimmunization in transfus...